You simply can't look at mNAV in isolation to judge the health of a Bitcoin Treasury Company. You need to know why the numbers are moving.
The latest smear tactic has been to say "look at activity below 1x basic mNAV, it reveals equity destruction."
The trick relies on pretending that liabilities don't exist.
Market Cap / Total Asset Value, by definition, is not multiple to "net" asset value. It matches the market's estimate of the company's net assets plus or minus a premium against the company's total (not net) assets.
Let's consider a hypothetical. To make the math easy we'll assume the market always values the company at P/B = 1x.
The company starts at $1B market cap with $1B of bitcoin. No debt, no prefs, no liabilities.
P/B = $1B / $1B = 1x
Basic mNAV = $1B / $1B = 1x
Now let's say the company takes on $500M of debt to buy $500M of bitcoin. We'll ignore any interest for the moment and just consider the principal. Bitcoin price remains unchanged for the time being.
P/B = $1B / ($1B $500M - $500M) = 1x
Basic mNAV = $1B / ($1B $500M) = 0.67x
Now what if the company takes on a further $500M of debt to buy a further $500M of bitcoin. Bitcoin price still remaining unchanged.
P/B = $1B / ($1B $1B - $1B) = 1x
Basic mNAV = $1B / ($1B $1B) = 0.5x
Price to book remains unchanged in all 3 cases because the new bitcoin purchases net out against the debt incurred.
Basic mNAV alarmists would tell you that "discounted" mNAV signals something is deeply wrong with the stock, when in reality no discounting took place and P/B is simply taking into account liabilities as it should. In this case, basic mNAV below 1x simply reflects the company's leverage.
Now, what if, continuing on from the last scenario, the stock started trading at $1.5B / $1B = 1.5x P/B?
Basic mNAV = $1.5B / $2B = 0.75x
Are shares valued less than *net* bitcoin exposure here? Obviously not. P/B is 1.5x, shares are at a 50% premium to net bitcoin exposure.
mNAV in isolation, no matter the formulation, doesn't tell the whole story. You have to look deeper.