If there's no 'inter' in internet, it's a blackout. Expensive, regime controlled VPNs, whitelisted users, and brief lapses aren't access. It is absolutely true that Iran has engaged in a mass, extended, and near unprecedented blackout of internet access.
Calling it a total “internet blackout” is misleading. What has been restricted is *international* connectivity, not the domestic internet: national websites, banking systems, and local alternatives to platforms like Uber, YouTube, and Google remain fully functional.
The adoption of alternative digital infrastructures is not uniquely Iranian. States that perceive themselves as vulnerable to imperialist cyber operations or disinformation campaigns in hybrid warfare adopt this strategy. Reliance on domestic platforms in this context is a matter of digital sovereignty and resilience.