#EpigraphyTuesday - Monumental inscription from a triumphal arch dedicated to Hadrian, discovered near the camp of the Sixth Legion at Tel Shalem in Judea.
The inscription, in three lines, had belonged to a large triumphal arch erected, presumably in AD 136, by order of the Roman Senate to commemorate the suppression of the Bar Kokhba revolt. A proposed reconstruction of the inscription was prepared in 1999 by Professor Werner Eck of the University of Cologne, a renowned scholar of ancient Roman history. According to W. Eck, the inscription reads (with the expansion of abbreviations):
Imp(eratori) Cae[s(ari) divi T]ra[iani Par]/th[i]ci f(ilio) d[ivi Nervae nep(oti) Tr]aiano [Hadriano Aug(usto)] / pon[t]if(ici) m[ax(imo) trib(unicia) pot(estate) XX? imp(eratori) I]I co(n)s(uli) [III p(atri) p(atriae) s(enatus) p(opulus)q(ue) R(omanus)?]
“To the Emperor Caesar, son of the deified Trajan Parthicus, grandson of the deified Nerva, Trajan Hadrian Augustus, chief priest, holder of tribunician power for the twentieth time (?) , acclaimed imperator for the second time, consul for the third time, father of the fatherland, [the Senate and People of Rome (?)]”
The impressive dimensions of the inscription – about 11 m wide – and the size of the letters – 41cm high in the first line – show that the inscription belonged to a monumental arch similar to the Arch of Titus in Rome, erected after his death to commemorate his conquest of Jerusalem.
Israel Museum, Jerusalem, Israel.