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#history Ancient Greek equivalent of ‘graduate school yearbook’ discovered on stone.... It lists a group of 31 friends who went through the Athenian ephebate together during the reign of the Roman Emperor Claudius (41-54 AD) and was intended to commemorate the close relationships they had formed.
When they first read of a reference to it, experts thought it might be a copy of a similar list in the collection of the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford, but realised that was not the case when they saw it.
AIOLION
CHANROTEINOS
EUTHYNGOS
DORON (gift)
ANEIKITOS
ATHINON ANTAS TIRIMOS
EUTHYLOS
SEISMOS
KASANDROS (partially visible at the bottom)
It is a really interesting inscription, partly because it’s new but also because it gives us new names and a bit of insight into the sort of access or accessibility of this institution which is often associated with elite citizens.”
"It's the ancient equivalent of a graduate school year book"
Dr Peter Liddel, professor of Greek history and epigraphy at the University of Manchester, who led on the discovery, said:
It is not known where the list was displayed but it is thought it could have been put up somewhere such as the gymnasium where the young men trained.
“Because of lockdown we were not able to travel to the museum until July 2021, and on seeing it we realised that this was not a copy of an already known inscription but it was a completely unique new discovery which had been in the storerooms of the NMS for a very long time, since the 1880s, and it listed a group of young men who called themselves co-ephebes or co-cadets and friends.
“It turned out to be a list of the cadets for one particular year during the period 41-54 AD, the reign of Claudius, and it gives us new names, names we’d never come across before in ancient Greek and it also gives us among earliest evidence for non-citizens taking part in the ephebate in this period.
Dr Liddel said: “It was made to create a sense of camaraderie and comradeship among this group of people who had been through a rigorous training programme together and felt like they were part of a cohort.
“It’s the ancient equivalent of a graduate school yearbook, although this is one which is created by a number of individuals who wanted to feel like they had come together as friends.”
Experts said discovery represents an important new source of information about elite Athenian society in mid-1st Century AD, a period that was crucial for Athens as it adapted to its place under the Roman Empire.
The Arts and Humanities Research Council-sponsored Attic Inscriptions in UK Collections is a four-year project, led by Cardiff University with the University of Durham and the University of Manchester.
Dr Margaret Maitland, principal curator, Ancient Mediterranean, at NMS, said: “To have the team come and visit and confirm it was something that had never been published before was really thrilling.”
Inscriptions from this period are relatively rare, and experts said this makes it all the more striking that the newly discovered ephebic list belongs to the same year and cohort as the inscription at the Ashmolean.