Good rebuttal to the voluntary point, although the federal government could have accomplished this—create a Secure Frontier Model Deployment benchmarking process for deploying models and require it for gov contracts—without an EO.
Initial reaction to the new AI EO:
No company is formally required to participate, but if a developer wants to sell frontier AI systems to the federal government, participation may soon become the price of entry.
Agencies can build engagement with the process into solicitations, evaluation criteria, and cybersecurity requirements.
So yes, the process is "voluntary," but "voluntary" looks different when the federal government is a dominant customer and refusal can result in procurement consequences.