Tuesday 2 June 1663
Up and by water to White Hall and so to St. James’s, to Mr. Coventry; where I had an hour’s private talk with him….
And lastly, he confesses that the more of the Cavaliers are put in, the less of discipline hath followed in the fleet; and that, whenever there comes occasion, it must be the old ones that must do any good, there being only but Captain Allen good for anything of them all.
To-night I took occasion with the vintner’s man, who came by my direction to taste again my tierce of claret, to go down to the cellar with him to consult about the drawing of it; and there, to my great vexation, I find that the cellar door hath long been kept unlocked, and above half the wine drunk. I was deadly mad at it, and examined my people round, but nobody would confess it; but I did examine the boy, and afterwards Will, and told him of his sitting up after we were in bed with the maids, but as to that business he denies it, which I can [not] remedy, but I shall endeavour to know how it went.
My wife did also this evening tell me a story of Ashwell stealing some new ribbon from her, a yard or two, which I am sorry to hear, and I fear my wife do take a displeasure against her, that they will hardly stay together, which I should be sorry for, because I know not where to pick such another out anywhere.
The tierce held ~36 imperial gallons (159 litres). Above half was drunk, so 18 gallons stolen. At a typical £8 per tierce, the loss was worth £4, about 1% of Pepys’ £350 annual salary. This explains his fury over the theft. Wine was a status symbol as you needed it when guests arrived.
Pepys’ maids earned £2 10s–£4 per year. The stolen wine £4 equalled or exceeded a full year’s wages for one. They effectively drank their salary in claret : )
Mary Ashwell joined the household in March 1663 as Elizabeth’s cultured companion. Daughter of Sam’s former Exchequer colleague, she had taught at a Chelsea girls’ school. The June 1663 ribbon theft sparked tensions; despite Sam valuing her refinement and skills, she was dismissed in 1664 amid domestic quarrels.
Captain Sir Thomas Allin (1612–1685) was a capable Royalist commander praised by Coventry and described the sole competent “new” officer amid declining naval discipline. An experienced fighter from Prince Rupert’s fleet, he later excelled in the Second Dutch War, became Admiral of the White, and served as Comptroller of the Navy.
Portrait by Sir Peter Lely, 1665