ALT Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a long-term disease resulting in the kidneys not functioning properly. Kidneys filter the blood, removing toxins and waste products, to keep us healthy. Most people do not develop symptoms until kidney function is very low – this is called end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and requires dialysis treatment or a kidney transplant. Any drop in function (assessed by blood and urine tests) is associated with an increased risk of heart disease, strokes, ESKD and early death. One of the most important ways to reduce this risk is by measuring people’s blood pressure (BP) regularly and lowering high BP (often associated with CKD) to the optimal level with tablets. Achieving this in practice may be difficult because people with CKD usually require more tablets than others. Research has shown that BP in people with CKD is often above the recommended level.