🐟 New LCA study finds that cultivated seafood could have beneficial environmental impacts compared to wild-caught and farmed fish 🐠
The study uses primary pilot-scale data from the startup Forsea to model the impacts of a scaled production facility based in Japan, finding that cultivated products had a lower carbon footprint, lower land use than aquaculture, lower energy demand, and similar or higher water use (figure is mine, based on data reported).
Why? The study is one of the first to actually model cultivated products as we expect them to come to market — as hybrid products. Cultivated cells make up 30% of the product, with the remaining inputs being plant-based ingredients. The cultivated cells are only 15% dry matter, consistent with products that have already been approved. These two factors not only dilute the expected cost of the final product but also the overall environmental impacts.
Lower energy demand can be explained, in part, by aquatic cell culture at lower temperatures, requiring less energy to heat bioreactors. The higher water use can be explained, in part, by the assumption that water was not being recycled in the facility.
While this is still a model and data gaps persist, the use of primary data from a startup company (rated generally as medium-high quality by the authors) is encouraging. Nice to see LCA studies becoming more realistic/sophisticated as the industry matures.