With agentic engineering, there's an interesting opportunity for software companies to significantly reduce, and potentially even eliminate, their tech debt. There's also risk of burying themselves under it faster than ever before.
Tech debt most commonly arises from making trade-offs during the software development process to meet business needs. Balancing available resources to ship code by an established deadline. Just like with a credit card, if you only make the minimum payment, you'll end up further and further in debt.
With AI being the great accelerator that it is, smart organizations have an opportunity to pay down the tech debt faster than ever or even avoid accumulating it altogether. Think about it like paying your entire credit card balance off every month. You avoid interest payments and may even earn rewards.
However, if you're not careful, you could end up accelerating your tech debt accrual rate and end up crushed under it. AI models are trained on decades of human behavior that includes our propensity to make decisions that create tech debt. They are programmed to mimic us. If you lean too far towards the "vide coding" end of the spectrum, you'll quickly end up with a mountain of tech debt.
Having seen the consequences of not managing tech debt properly firsthand, my first instinct was to try to avoid it all together. I quickly learned this is a losing battle. Every AI coding agent fights back against it because it's so deeply ingrained in their training and programming. It felt counterintuitive, but embracing the propensity to make trade-offs that create tech debt turned out to be the winning strategy. The key is applying the AI accelerator to the tech debt management process. Allow the agent to create the tech debt, but make it document it with a backlog entry whenever it does. Once the code being worked on is "complete", start a fresh/clean session to resolve the backlog entry before anything ships. This pays the debt off immediately. The speed at which it's able to accomplish these tasks, means you're still shipping significantly faster than you could in the pre-AI era, but with fewer compromises.
Because tech debt often creates vulnerabilities, a side benefit to reducing/eliminating it is fewer vulnerabilities.