This part of Brazil was not used for agriculture, it does not support dense forests like the Amazon, but it has potential for energy production, ease of building access roads, and little weathering, resulting in low maintenance.
Brazil has six biomes.
Most people can name one.
Everyone knows the Amazon rainforest.
Almost no one outside Brazil knows the Caatinga.
The Caatinga is the only biome on Earth found entirely inside Brazil.
It covers about 10 percent of the country and more than half of the Northeast region.
The name comes from an Indigenous word meaning "white forest."
It is a dry land of thorn trees, cactus, and red rock that turns green after a single rain.
Around 27 million people live inside it.
That makes it the most densely populated semi-arid region on Earth.
Hundreds of its plant and animal species exist nowhere else on the planet.
For most of history the world wrote off this land as a wasteland.
Then the world learned what the sky above it is worth.
The Caatinga interior gets about 6.5 kilowatt hours of sun per square meter every day.
That puts it on par with the Australian outback and well above Germany or Spain.
Solar farms here run at 20 to 25 percent capacity, while European farms run at 11 to 15 percent.
One of the largest solar parks in Latin America sits in Piauí, inside this biome.
The state of Bahia alone holds the highest solar build-out potential in the country.
The land everyone called empty turned out to be one of the best power sources in the Western Hemisphere.
Most foreign investors have never heard the word Caatinga.