The absolute number is massive, but markets care more about interest burden relative to GDP. Debt becomes destabilizing when growth slows and refinancing costs rise simultaneously.
BREAKING: Global debt surged $29 trillion in 2025, to a record $348 trillion.
This marks the biggest annual increase since the 2020 pandemic.
The surge was particularly driven by governments, which added $10 trillion, with the US, China, and the Euro Area responsible for roughly three-quarters of the increase.
This brings the global government debt to $107 trillion, an all-time high.
Furthermore, non-financial corporate debt rose to a record $101 trillion, with AI-related investment a major driver of corporate borrowing.
Meanwhile, the total debt of emerging markets rose to a record $117 trillion, with a Debt-to-GDP ratio of 235%, also an all-time high.
The global debt crisis is reaching unprecedented levels.