Most Americans have no idea the U.S. won World War 2 with help from the Mafia.
The real story is wilder than any movie Hollywood ever made about it.
It started in 1938, before America was even in the war.
The German-American Bund was holding Nazi rallies in New York. Thousands of brownshirts. Swastikas hanging next to American flags inside Madison Square Garden. Jewish leaders wanted the rallies stopped but had no legal way to do it.
So a New York State judge named Nathan Perlman quietly picked up the phone and called Meyer Lansky.
He asked Lansky to send gangsters to break up the rallies. Lansky agreed on one condition: no money. He would do it for free, but he refused to take orders not to kill anyone. They compromised. Arms could break. Skulls could crack. No deaths.
For the next year, Jewish mobsters in New York, Newark, Chicago, Minneapolis, and Los Angeles raided Bund meetings, threw Hitler portraits into the street, and beat brownshirts unconscious. Lansky himself led a raid on a rally in Yorkville on April 20, 1938, Hitler's birthday.
Around the same time, Bugsy Siegel boarded a ship to Rome.
He was traveling with Countess Dorothy di Frasso, trying to sell Mussolini a new explosive called atomite that was supposedly more powerful than dynamite. The demonstration flopped. While he was there, Siegel sat at a dinner table across from Hermann Göring and Joseph Goebbels. He was Jewish. He spent the rest of his life saying he should have killed Göring right there at the table.
Then came February 9, 1942.
The SS Normandie, a captured French luxury liner being converted into a U.S. troopship, burst into flames at a Manhattan pier and capsized into the Hudson. The official cause was a welder's torch hitting a stack of life preservers. The mob told a different story. Albert Anastasia, head of Murder Inc., and his brother Anthony Anastasio, who ran the longshoremen's union, later claimed they had set the fire on purpose as leverage.
Their offer to the U.S. Navy: free Lucky Luciano, and the entire East Coast waterfront becomes untouchable.
Naval Intelligence took the meeting.
Luciano was six years into a 50-year sentence at Clinton Correctional, a remote prison near the Canadian border. On May 12, 1942, the Navy quietly transferred him to Great Meadow Prison, much closer to New York City, so they could meet him face to face.
Over the next three years, Naval Intelligence officers visited his cell more than 20 times. Meyer Lansky carried the messages in and out. Luciano gave orders from inside the prison walls. Every dock, every fish market, every union local, every fishing boat off Long Island was put under mob protection.
Not a single Allied ship was lost to sabotage on the East Coast for the rest of the war.
Then it got stranger.
When the U.S. planned the invasion of Sicily in 1943, Luciano's network handed over the names of trusted locals on the island. American paratroopers landed carrying yellow silk handkerchiefs with the letter L stitched into them, supposedly so Sicilian mafiosi loyal to Luciano would know they were friendlies. Whether that detail is real or legend is still debated. The handover of names is not.
At the exact same moment, another American mobster was already inside Italy on the other side.
Vito Genovese had fled to Italy in 1937 to escape a murder charge in New York. He cozied up to Mussolini, donated to fascist buildings, and was awarded an Italian knighthood by the dictator himself. From his villa in Italy, in January 1943, Genovese gave the order to assassinate Carlo Tresca, an anti-fascist newspaper editor, on a Manhattan street corner as a personal favor to Mussolini.
Six months later, Mussolini fell. Genovese flipped overnight.
He walked into the American military government in Naples, offered his services as an interpreter, and was hired on the spot. He then used his official AMG position to run the largest black market truck convoy operation in southern Italy, hauling stolen U.S. Army flour, sugar, and olive oil into starving cities. Several U.S. Army officers were on his payroll. He was caught in August 1944 by a single dogged Army CID sergeant named Orange Dickey, who had to fight his own chain of command to get Genovese extradited.
The war ended.
On January 3, 1946, Governor Thomas Dewey, the same prosecutor who had personally put Luciano in prison a decade earlier, signed his clemency papers. Luciano was driven to Pier 7 in Brooklyn, walked up the gangplank of a freighter called the Laura Keene, and shipped to Italy. He was never allowed to set foot in the United States again.
In 1954, Dewey commissioned a state investigator named William Herlands to write a full report on what the Mafia had actually done for the war effort. The 2,600-page report confirmed the entire operation. The Navy then begged Dewey not to release it, on the grounds that admitting any of it would humiliate the United States government.
Dewey agreed. He locked the report in a vault.
It stayed sealed for the next 23 years.
The American public did not learn the full scope of Operation Underworld until 1977, after Dewey was dead, when a writer named Rodney Campbell pried the report loose and published "The Luciano Project."
The U.S. government has still never officially admitted how much of WW2 was won by the men it spent the next 50 years trying to put back in prison.