ALT Abstract Throughout London’s history, marketplaces have not only been integral to its economy but also to how the city was imagined. Drawing on a diverse range of archives and sources—from tabloid journalism and film, through to oral history and photography—this article examines the ‘narration of London’ at one of the city’s most famous market sites, Smithfield. It focuses upon three moments when London’s meat market came to be seen as emblematic of the city’s story: as an ‘anvil’ for modernisation in the mid-nineteenth century; as an ‘insider’s’ account of the commercial empire in the early twentieth century; and as the last remnant of a ‘London lost’ on the eve of a new millennium. This article argues that the narrative power of the marketplace lies in its capacity for temporal rupture and connection—an ideal stage for dramatising the relationship between urban past and present.

ALT Abstract By the mid-twentieth century, the pet shop was an established feature of London’s retail landscape. Pet shops presented themselves as modern, hygienic, and compassionate spaces that used the kerb appeal of furry animals to lure consumers onto their premises. This article tracks the boom in pet sales across the capital from the early nineteenth century, through street trade, markets and, increasingly, shops. Animals figured as part of the consumer culture of spectatorship and display promoted by the new department stores. Older sites of pet sale were reconfigured as tourist attractions but were simultaneously criticised by observers who argued that they were problematic for animal welfare. From the early twentieth century, traders recognised the need to counteract these narratives. Shops began to use the word ‘pet’ in their titles and marketed themselves as animal welfare friendly environments with a special appeal for children.

ALT Abstract The history of Romanies in England during the eighteenth century has been largely neglected by existing historical scholarship. Yet, the Romani experience of and in London had a notable impact on the capital's culture and the ways in which Romanies or ‘Gypsies’ would be portrayed for years to come. This article explores how, in the early part of the century, the Romani settlement at Norwood in south London enabled interaction and integration between Londoners and their Romani neighbours. During the second half of the century, Norwood was enclosed, and interactions between Romanies and south Londoners diminished. What remained was an experience of Romani culture drawn primarily not through interactions with an established Romani population, but from a stereotypical ‘Cultural Gypsy’ that was portrayed in literature and on stage.

ALT Abstract Maps provide a valuable resource to historians and genealogists, but the neat rows of compact houses in the courtyard of the Queen Catherine pub in Ratcliff, home to four of my Irish great-great-grandparents, only hint at the living conditions of its occupants. This article draws together evidence from newspapers, archival sources, censuses, and other genealogical records to provide a conjectural reconstruction of Queen Catherine Court. The overdevelopment and overcrowding of the site resulted in it being declared unfit for human habitation in 1888, but owing to decades of laissez-faire ideology and fragmented local government, slum clearance and the provision of social housing in London had been beset by intractable problems. A flagship project of the London County Council, the Queen Catherine Court scheme was finally brought to completion in 1903 by Stepney Borough Council, marking a first in the capital's history of social housing.

ALT This article illustrates how historical cartographic sources can be analysed using a Geographical Information System to identify green spaces in London with a bombsite genesis in order to enhance the understanding of how the Blitz acted as a catalyst for greening the capital. It describes how temporary wartime green space creation and a desire to memorialise using parks and gardens gave way to ambitious plans to weave hundreds of acres of new green space into London’s urban fabric after the Second World War. The policies of London’s local government show how bomb-damaged land was specifically earmarked as the nuclei around which new green spaces could be assembled to address long-standing deficiencies in open space provision...

ALT Abstract The Great Central Gas Consumers’ Company (GCGCC) was established by the metropolitan middle class to address the detrimental effects of gas industry monopoly through the promotion of market competition. It revealed that the middle class staunchly advocated for the use of liberalism to safeguard their own rights and interests, coinciding with Britain’s wider acceptance of liberalism and echoing the clarion call of the era of liberalism. Government engagement and interference in the formation of the GCGCC, as well as the ensuing disputation around it, could be seen as a manifestation of the principle of liberalism rather than a violation thereof. It reflected that liberalism was neither the absence of government nor total laissez-faire. The fact that the old gas companies adjusted their positions and compromised in favour of liberal principles demonstrated the more flexible response mechanisms of the modern industrial system to industrial and social problems...

ALT Abstract During the British Civil Wars, London suffered a severe energy shortage. By the mid-seventeenth century, the English capital was highly dependent on supplies of coal from the North-East of England. However, during the civil wars, the predominantly Parliamentarian city’s access to coal was restricted when the Royalists secured control of Newcastle and its coal reserves. The constriction of the coal supply of London caused an energy crisis in the capital, forcing the Parliamentarians to introduce price controls and seek alternative supplies of fuel. This article argues that ‘weaponisation of energy’ and ‘energy policy’ are appropriate terms to describe London’s coal supply in this period, given the clear parallels with modern energy policies and conflict. This article will further argue that the use of this term makes historians engage with the importance of energy even in premodern conflicts, and acknowledge that contemporaries were aware of its paramount strategic importance.