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ALT Logo of Plant Direct with small plant in light bulb with text, "We need you!"
ALT Unique chromatin organization in generative cells. (A–D) DAPI-stained nuclei showing chromatin organization. 3D reconstruction of confocal Z-stack images (3D) and a single optical section from the same stack (Single section) are shown. Interphase somatic nucleus (A), prophase somatic nucleus (B), prometaphase somatic nucleus (C), and generative cell nucleus in desiccated pollen (D). Scale bars: 10 μm. DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole.
ALT (A) Stand height was calculated as the difference between top (95%, blue line) and bottom (1%, red line) percentiles from the point cloud distribution. (B) An example of the 3D point cloud showing surrounding soil pixels. (C) A slice inside of a plot in the point cloud showing the distribution of plant heights across the canopy.
ALT Schematic summary of miRNA and tRNA fragment dynamics during the infection stages of C. higginsianum in A. thaliana. The stages shown are in planta appressorium (PA), biotrophic phase (BP), necrotrophic phase (NP), in vitro appressorium (VA), and mycelia (MY). Differential accumulation of the sRNAs is color coded: green for A. thaliana, brown for C. higginsianum, and black for miRNAs and tRNA fragments that are similarly differential accumulation in both host and pathogen. Upregulation is indicated by upward arrows, and downregulation by downward arrows.
ALT Functional characterization of recombinant cannabinoid oxidocyclases. Purified proteins, secreted from sf9 cells infected with recombinant baculovirus, were functionally characterized. All assays were supplemented with CBGA precursor. Activity presented as percent of total CBGA converted was normalized against canonical CBCAS activity at 100% functionality. With CBCA as the dominant product of these enzymes, comparative analysis of activity for Clade C.4, Clade C.5, and Clade C.6 was carried out against CBCAS. In assays with purified protein from sf9 expression lower activity of CBCA production was observed in Clade C recombinant enzymes. Clade C.4 comparative activity was 26% of CBCAS, while Clade C.5 and Clade C.6 were 16% and 11%, respectively, of CBCAS.
ALT (a) Diagram depicting the setup of our drought experiment. Photos of Douglas-fir seedlings were taken under well-watered conditions (before the start of the experiment) and under drought-conditions (6 weeks into the experiment). Needles show clear signs of drought stress at the end of the experiment. RNA and carbon isotope samples were taken at each time point. Water was gradually reduced during the course of the experiment, which is depicted by the water drops illustration. Seedlings received half of their usual water for 3 weeks following the initiation of the experiment followed by 3 weeks of receiving no water. (b) Diagram depicting the interactions between genotype, phenotype, environment, and transcriptome with the respective data and analyses paired with each term.
ALT NaOH staining of barley grains. PA-defective seeds were yellow upon treatment.
ALT Developmental gradient in the 5th leaf of four Otachyriinae subtribe species. (A) S1 (leaf base) and S7 (leaf tip) cross section cuts from C4 A. lanata, C2 S. hians, PK R. pilosa, and C3 H. amplexicaulis. (B) Magnification showing 1° vascular bundles from S7. Abbreviations: 1°VB, primary vascular bundle; 2°VB, secondary vascular bundle; IBS, inner bundle sheath cell; M, mesophyll cell; OBS, outer bundle sheath ce
ALT Example Grad-CAM images of the pretrained Channel Attention SiLU DenseNet201 model on before unseen test images of the PLDC-80 dataset.
ALT Morphology of M. uniflora plants and histological examination of cellular organization. (A) M. uniflora plants were dissected into three tissue sections: lower stems, upper stems, and flowers. Light microscopic examination of upper (B and C) and lower (D and E) stem cross-sections stained with phloroglucinol.
ALT A dual-fluorescence based assay for the evaluation of transcript leaders. Wild-type and mutated 5′ leaders are cloned into the acceptor backbone in one step via BpiI, followed by agroinfiltration in N. benthamiana, leaf disc excision, and two-channel fluorescence quantification in a 96-well plate reader 3-day postinfiltration. RFU, relative fluorescent units.
ALT Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) assay was used to determine the effect of FIM2 on the dynamic turnover level of the microfilament cytoskeleton in guard cells. (A) Time-lapse series of FRAP, Bar = 5 μm.
ALT Standoff detection of Dy uptake in plant leaves. Fluorescence from P. acinosa leaves incubated with water (H2O), Ce, and Dy, captured by a smartphone camera. Image panels are as follows: Top panel, − Na2WO4, − LED: an image of punctured leaves before Na2WO4 treatment and 275-nm LED exposure. Middle panel, − Na2WO4, LED: an image of punctured leaves, before Na2WO4 treatment exposed to the 275-nm LED light. Bottom panel, Na2WO4, LED: an image of fluorescence from punctured leaves treated with Na2WO4 exposed to 275-nm LED light. Arrows indicate where Na2WO4 treatments were placed.
ALT Determination of the physiological indicators of different jackfruit varieties. (A) GX and TAH phenotypes after cold stress.
ALT Overview of datasets analyzed with SPLASH in this paper. (A) A single-cell study of maize pollen precursors. (B) A bulk RNA-seq study of sorghum under different drought conditions. (C) A bulk RNA-seq study of Arabidopsis seed germination, with wild-type and mutant strains in the FLOE1 gene, in conditions of no water, plain water imbibition, or salt water imbibition. (D) A bulk RNA-seq study of Arabidopsis seedlings under phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), or iron/phosphorus (Fe/P) deficiency. floe1-1 = knock-out mutation of FLOE1; FLOE1ΔDS = aspartic acid-serine-rich disordered domain deletion mutation of FLOE1; WT = wild type FLOE1.
ALT Graphical summary showing the workflow of CUT&Tag using nuclei as input. The nuclei are incubated with a primary antibody that binds to the histone modification of interest. Then, a secondary antibody tethers the pA-Tn5 to the primary antibody. The pA-Tn5 is activated, cleaves and tagments the DNA in proximity. The resulting tagmented DNA is released, and amplified with adapter-containing oligos by PCR, resulting in sequencing-ready libraries.