that’s exactly how lido ceremony worked. we all got airgapped machines and they could only talk to each other via animated qr codes. as you can imagine, laptop cameras are not very good, so you could barely transmit at 10 fps, and it still took several loops to read each message.

If you're a security researcher or Solidity dev who: 1) has good product sense 2) enjoys talking to customers DM me Hiring for a few different roles that could be a good fit

Lido V3 is live on Ethereum mainnet, introducing stVaults: Modular staking infrastructure for builders, powered by stETH. blog.lido.fi/lido-v3-is-live… ↓

We're living in a golden but brief age of non-monetized LLMs. Think YouTube before ads, clickbait, algorithm farming and demonetization-avoiding sterility

2025 has been a triumphant year for @LidoFinance, which has broken new ground in both DeFi and TradFi. Lido v3, launching soon, will transform Lido from a “one size fits most” solution into one that offers customizable staking solutions for any need.

🇪🇺 💧 💼 December 4th

A few months ago a few of us started experimenting with TEE × AI × practical tooling. Today we’re sharing the first public run of Dory. MVP includes: • Chat management • Insights (ChatGPT style over Telegram groups) • Nudges (trigger based pings) how it works & features 👇

The only good coffee I’ve had in ten days there - Russians brought filter coffee @LidoFinance day

My pleasure to come on Dwarkesh last week, I thought the questions and conversation were really good. I re-watched the pod just now too. First of all, yes I know, and I'm sorry that I speak so fast :). It's to my detriment because sometimes my speaking thread out-executes my thinking thread, so I think I botched a few explanations due to that, and sometimes I was also nervous that I'm going too much on a tangent or too deep into something relatively spurious. Anyway, a few notes/pointers: AGI timelines. My comments on AGI timelines looks to be the most trending part of the early response. This is the "decade of agents" is a reference to this earlier tweet x.com/karpathy/status/188254… Basically my AI timelines are about 5-10X pessimistic w.r.t. what you'll find in your neighborhood SF AI house party or on your twitter timeline, but still quite optimistic w.r.t. a rising tide of AI deniers and skeptics. The apparent conflict is not: imo we simultaneously 1) saw a huge amount of progress in recent years with LLMs while 2) there is still a lot of work remaining (grunt work, integration work, sensors and actuators to the physical world, societal work, safety and security work (jailbreaks, poisoning, etc.)) and also research to get done before we have an entity that you'd prefer to hire over a person for an arbitrary job in the world. I think that overall, 10 years should otherwise be a very bullish timeline for AGI, it's only in contrast to present hype that it doesn't feel that way. Animals vs Ghosts. My earlier writeup on Sutton's podcast x.com/karpathy/status/197343… . I am suspicious that there is a single simple algorithm you can let loose on the world and it learns everything from scratch. If someone builds such a thing, I will be wrong and it will be the most incredible breakthrough in AI. In my mind, animals are not an example of this at all - they are prepackaged with a ton of intelligence by evolution and the learning they do is quite minimal overall (example: Zebra at birth). Putting our engineering hats on, we're not going to redo evolution. But with LLMs we have stumbled by an alternative approach to "prepackage" a ton of intelligence in a neural network - not by evolution, but by predicting the next token over the internet. This approach leads to a different kind of entity in the intelligence space. Distinct from animals, more like ghosts or spirits. But we can (and should) make them more animal like over time and in some ways that's what a lot of frontier work is about. On RL. I've critiqued RL a few times already, e.g. x.com/karpathy/status/194443… . First, you're "sucking supervision through a straw", so I think the signal/flop is very bad. RL is also very noisy because a completion might have lots of errors that might get encourages (if you happen to stumble to the right answer), and conversely brilliant insight tokens that might get discouraged (if you happen to screw up later). Process supervision and LLM judges have issues too. I think we'll see alternative learning paradigms. I am long "agentic interaction" but short "reinforcement learning" x.com/karpathy/status/196080…. I've seen a number of papers pop up recently that are imo barking up the right tree along the lines of what I called "system prompt learning" x.com/karpathy/status/192136… , but I think there is also a gap between ideas on arxiv and actual, at scale implementation at an LLM frontier lab that works in a general way. I am overall quite optimistic that we'll see good progress on this dimension of remaining work quite soon, and e.g. I'd even say ChatGPT memory and so on are primordial deployed examples of new learning paradigms. Cognitive core. My earlier post on "cognitive core": x.com/karpathy/status/193862… , the idea of stripping down LLMs, of making it harder for them to memorize, or actively stripping away their memory, to make them better at generalization. Otherwise they lean too hard on what they've memorized. Humans can't memorize so easily, which now looks more like a feature than a bug by contrast. Maybe the inability to memorize is a kind of regularization. Also my post from a while back on how the trend in model size is "backwards" and why "the models have to first get larger before they can get smaller" x.com/karpathy/status/181403… Time travel to Yann LeCun 1989. This is the post that I did a very hasty/bad job of describing on the pod: x.com/karpathy/status/150339… . Basically - how much could you improve Yann LeCun's results with the knowledge of 33 years of algorithmic progress? How constrained were the results by each of algorithms, data, and compute? Case study there of. nanochat. My end-to-end implementation of the ChatGPT training/inference pipeline (the bare essentials) x.com/karpathy/status/197775… On LLM agents. My critique of the industry is more in overshooting the tooling w.r.t. present capability. I live in what I view as an intermediate world where I want to collaborate with LLMs and where our pros/cons are matched up. The industry lives in a future where fully autonomous entities collaborate in parallel to write all the code and humans are useless. For example, I don't want an Agent that goes off for 20 minutes and comes back with 1,000 lines of code. I certainly don't feel ready to supervise a team of 10 of them. I'd like to go in chunks that I can keep in my head, where an LLM explains the code that it is writing. I'd like it to prove to me that what it did is correct, I want it to pull the API docs and show me that it used things correctly. I want it to make fewer assumptions and ask/collaborate with me when not sure about something. I want to learn along the way and become better as a programmer, not just get served mountains of code that I'm told works. I just think the tools should be more realistic w.r.t. their capability and how they fit into the industry today, and I fear that if this isn't done well we might end up with mountains of slop accumulating across software, and an increase in vulnerabilities, security breaches and etc. x.com/karpathy/status/191558… Job automation. How the radiologists are doing great x.com/karpathy/status/197122… and what jobs are more susceptible to automation and why. Physics. Children should learn physics in early education not because they go on to do physics, but because it is the subject that best boots up a brain. Physicists are the intellectual embryonic stem cell x.com/karpathy/status/192969… I have a longer post that has been half-written in my drafts for ~year, which I hope to finish soon. Thanks again Dwarkesh for having me over!

This is madness. What are we doing!

Introducing Dory! your Telegram concierge, built with confidential compute 🐟🔐 dory.chat Tame the chaos in your Telegram chats with summaries, access control and helpful nudges. More below. (we're whitelisting early testers it gives us wings if we see many of you show interest)

Seeing a prompt as a spec is a solid angle — predictability is comforting. But half the magic of LLMs is in their unpredictability. We love them not just for doing what we ask, but for doing what we didn’t ask — in ways we didn’t expect. Solid talk btw: youtu.be/8rABwKRsec4?si=R0kv…

A crucial reflection on Ethereum, its ideals, and the true cost of decentralization. Really resonates with me. Worth checking out.

CSM stakeShareLimit increase to 3% of @LidoFinance TVL is scheduled for the @AragonProject on-chain voting starting July 23, 2025. Yes, you got it right, it is this Wednesday!

For the first time in DeFi lending, access up to 40X leverage directly on @LidoFinance's DVstETH contract. ⏫ 40X your staking, @Obol_Collective and @ssv_network rewards 0⃣ 0X your slippage With 0% protocol fee for the first 1K WETH borrowed. Details below🧵⚙️🧰

Lido V3 introduces a powerful new primitive: stVaults. These modular smart contracts allow any staker, whether an institution or solo validator, to run customized staking setups with optional stETH liquidity. Watch as @PsheEth breaks down the powers of Lido V3 and stVaults. 👇

I will add that perhaps one of the worst mistakes we as a community (I personally included) did, was attacking early on @LidoFinance. There's a huge undeniable risk to their LST, but they're now among the (if not the) strongest causes for stake true decentralization.

LIDO = max ETH aligned. • Top ten entites by ETH in the treasury • Dual Governance — veto for all governance decisions by a quorum of stETH holders • Community Staking Module — permissionless node operation securing ~2% of all stETH @LidoFinance

Demand for staking using DVT via Mellow outpaced supply – the @LidoFinance's Decentralized Validator Vault hit its limit🔥 Now the cap is raised to 20,000 wstETH, go visit the vault to check it out: app.mellow.finance/vaults/et… DVT adoption scales from here.