As Canada ramps up investment in the North, considerations for defence, resource extraction and community development should be included in public policy objectives, says an expert in Arctic studies.
"There's some kind of perception amongst communities that any spending in the Arctic is Arctic defence spending and I don't think that's right," said Heather Exner-Pirot, director of energy, natural resources and environment at the Macdonald-Laurier Institute.
"We are not trying to hit a GDP target with defence. We're trying to secure a number of capabilities to defend ourselves and to assist with our alliance," she said at the Canadian Chamber of Commerce's Future of Business Summit April 20-21. "So we need to be careful about what we spend and consider the pros and cons and the trade-offs and the fact that we have scarce resources, and that's always true for the Arctic."
Exner-Pirot, whose doctoral research focused on Arctic studies, argued that the most useful framework for thinking about northern investment is what she called "triple use" — spending that simultaneously serves defence, resource extraction and communities.
"What they all have in common is that they have challenges with remoteness," she said. "They have less access to transportation networks, to energy networks, and to communications networks, and that makes life difficult and expensive and poses a lot of constraints to development."