A practical DevOps roadmap:
1. Learn a scripting or programming language such as Python, Go, Bash, or JavaScript.
2. Understand operating systems basics, including Linux, Unix, server management, processes, and permissions.
3. Learn networking and security concepts, including DNS, TCP/IP, SSH, HTTPS, firewalls, and encryption.
4. Get comfortable with version control systems like Git, and platforms such as GitHub and GitLab, including branching, pull requests, and release workflows.
5. Study Infrastructure as Code tools like Terraform, Pulumi, Docker, Kubernetes, and Ansible.
6. Add monitoring and logging with Prometheus, Grafana, Loki, and Elasticsearch.
7. Build CI/CD pipelines using GitHub Actions, Jenkins, GitLab CI, or CircleCI.
8. Understand cloud platforms such as AWS, Azure, Google Cloud, and DigitalOcean.