Amazon's A10 algorithm doesn't exist. There is no "A10" — the name came from a 2019 forum post speculating that Amazon had moved past A9. Amazon never confirmed it, never named a successor, and still operates A9 LLC as the subsidiary running product search.
What changed isn't the algorithm's name. It's that COSMO (the ML model scoring product detail pages) and Rufus (the conversational layer) now sit on top of A9's core relevance engine. A9 still handles keyword matching and ranking signals. COSMO scores how well your listing satisfies query intent — images, copy, structure. Rufus surfaces products conversationally when shoppers ask questions.
So when you see "optimize for A10," what they mean is: make your listing legible to COSMO's computer vision and semantic parsing, not just keyword-dense for A9. That means clean hero images, infographics that actually explain the product, bullet copy that answers questions, not just keyword salad.
The ranking engine didn't get replaced. It got a smarter lens put in front of it.