One thing that has always amused me when speaking to many Ghanaians is their surprise when they discover that we have Ga people in Togo, when Mina, the most spoken language in Togo is a Ga language. What shocks them even more is learning that Togo and Ghana share more than twenty five ethnic groups, including the Fante, Ashanti, Bassari, Dagomba, Gurunsi, Tchokossi, Wala and many others.
The moment many Ghanaians hear you are from Togo, they immediately assume you are Ewe and a “Voltarian”. That assumption alone reveals how deeply colonial borders and fragmented education systems have distorted our understanding of ourselves.
After Germany lost World War I, the territory of Togoland was divided between the British and the French. Roughly one third was administered by Britain and later integrated into the Gold Coast to form modern Ghana, while the remaining two thirds came under French administration and became modern Togo. But the partition was vertical, not horizontal. Entire peoples were split across these artificial borders.
Yet today, many people assume that only the populations of the Volta Region “came from Togo,” as if the rest of Ghana and Togo were historically unrelated. This is historically inaccurate. The overlap between our societies goes far beyond one ethnic group or one border region. Most Togolese people have a parent or grandparent whose hometown is on the other side. The same is true for many Ghanaians. My paternal grandmother’s village is in modern day Ghana and at her funeral we had tons of uncles and aunts that attended from Ghana and it was quite funny that we spoke the same language but with some mixing theirs with English and others with French.
The tragedy is that we have spent decades inventing differences between people who were never strangers to begin with. Colonial borders succeeded because they did not simply divide land but they slowly reorganized memory itself.