Today, on World Ocean Day, we draw attention to the threat that illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing poses to the world's oceans, and to the support networks that allow the fishing vessels to operate 365 days a year.
To remain at sea for weeks or months at a time, distant water fleets rely on a comprehensive logistics chain to refuel and resupply, collect the catch, provide medical assistance, and facilitate crew transfers through on-site ship-to-ship (STS) transfers. These enablers allow large fleets to operate continuously, far beyond the traditional reach of regional fishing fleets, and launder their illegal catch into legitimate supply chains. By targeting this support network, regulators can have a disproportionate impact on the operational capacity of distant water fleets.
Between the 25th of February and the 8th of March 2026, SynMax's maritime domain awareness platform, Theia, tracked the XING FA (IMO 1063528), a 22-year-old, 96-meter Sierra Leone-flagged oil products tanker, as she transited from the Gulf of Oman into the northern Arabian Sea. Between the 1st and 6th of March, the XING FA is assessed to have conducted at least 11 ship-to-ship encounters with vessels from the XING BANG fishing fleet, part of the Chinese Distant Water Fleet.
On the 6th of March, AIS recorded a transfer involving the XING FA, the XING BANG 906, and the XING BANG 905. A Theia tip-and-cue tasking captured both fishing vessels alongside the XING FA, with a slick visible in the surrounding water. On the 8th of March, the XING FA returned towards the Gulf of Oman.
Theia fuses vast datasets, including more than 40 million km² of satellite imagery daily, to automatically detect, identify, and track tens of thousands of vessels across oceans, and provide the ground truth needed to protect marine resources and the communities that depend on them. SynMax's Agentic AI identifies the support vessel networks and their patterns of life that sustain IUU fishing, multiplying analysts' capacity to expose and disrupt the networks behind it.