To my friends learning Japanese,
Let me warn you about a word your textbook will mistranslate.
Otsukaresama.
Your textbook will say: "Thank you for your hard work."
This is technically correct.
It is also completely useless.
The real meaning lives in the way Japanese people use it.
When a colleague leaves the office at 7 PM: otsukaresama.
When you join a Zoom call at 9 AM: otsukaresama.
When you finish a karaoke song poorly: otsukaresama.
When a friend tells you about a difficult weekend: otsukaresama.
When someone finishes a long shift: otsukaresama.
It is hello, goodbye, thank you, well done, I see you, that sounded rough, and good luck — all in one word.
The literal translation is closer to "you have become honorably tired."
It is the word a country uses when it has decided that the default assumption about every other person you meet is:
they have been working hard,
they are probably a little tired,
and the polite thing to do is to acknowledge that out loud.
Most languages have words for greeting.
Japan has a word that begins by assuming everyone is doing their best.