Great to see the New York Times Interpreter column by
@amandataub picking up from our conversation. Let me try to offer a few additional thoughts that did not make it into the column.
A key observation from Amanda's scatter plots is that the pattern of rural versus urban population consolidation is a correlate of populist support both in East- and West Germany. But, as with Brexit and the UK (see here:
x.com/fetzert/status/1808156β¦) the populist narrative around immigration has hardly any bearing on net foreign migration as most rural areas hardly see any absolute immigration. But, they very much are exposed to politicians channeling of populist narratives on immigration, aided by appalling terror attacks and a changing media multiplier thanks to social media (
direct.mit.edu/rest/article/β¦).
The climate crisis, aging populations, along with often deep geographic attachments (think: care relationships, family) make it vital for societies to consider strategies for spatial consolidation that create a broad coalition of support.
This spatial consolidation is happening, as in particular young, healthy and educated folks move to larger cities. In the receiving cities it creates insider- outsider conflicts as insiders are quite happy to benefit from rising rents and property prices, creating a conflict dimension there (see
academic.oup.com/jeea/articl⦠and
warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/economβ¦).
But equally smaller towns and rural areas seeing declines experience the doom-loop breed discontent. It is exactly here where working from home is a vital vector to expand the reach of agglomeration. Good and affordable physical transportation and digital connectivity are crucial enablers.
But this creates another feedback mechanism whereby invested city folk, financial institutions and the traditional monetary system may struggle with the pace of rapid structural change (think: offices
warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/economβ¦).
The conflict in Ukraine, the escalating climate crisis and the implications this has more broadly are putting these tensions into context. Climate action through decentralized energy provision (think: solar and wind) can benefit smaller communities through revenue sharing. Working-from-home can help expand the reach of cities and benefit broader agglomeration. Digitization and AI can speed up slow bureaucracies and reconfigure the state, slow down some of the rural-urban migration dynamic as AI will replace many high skill service jobs in cities and increased defense spending may, as has been the case more traditionally, benefit more rural communities and come with more infrastructure investment.
Globally, it is imperative to work towards new governance of the global trading system given the many escalations and this will have to come with rethinking services and service sector trade to ensure climate action becomes an economic and social win-win. All the necessary conditions are there.
In 2015, a consequential election delivered a majority for Brexit. In 2024, we can now study the economic impact of Brexit with data up to 2022. This is a thread in which I try to go full circle back to the origins of Brexit. But let me comment before on what we observe so far: