Change my Mind: Pitching Mechanics Don't Cause Arm Injuries
While it's a common belief that pitching mechanics are directly linked to arm injuries, current research suggests otherwise. Although optimizing mechanics can certainly improve performance (increased velocity & command), there isn't substantial evidence that poor mechanics cause injuries.
History has shown us pitchers with textbook mechanics who have succumbed to injuries, as well as those with unconventional techniques who thrived. At the highest levels of baseball, we often find that the differentiators for health and performance are arm strength, muscular balance, and recovery capacity.
The injury data points to fatigue, muscular imbalances, and weakness as the primary causes - all indicators that strength matters most.
Fatigue is the strongest risk predictor for injuries by far because it causes compensation, a change in mechanics. This is different from poor or optimal mechanics as there is no way to define what poor or optimal means.
The definition of poor mechanics is currently not qualified in sports science research as it relates to career longevity.
How would you define optimal mechanics? Many would argue Shohei Ohtani is the best player ever with the best hitting and pitching mechanics ever seen but he’s had 2 TJ’s and missed a ton of time.
Do you consider him to have poor mechanics? In the media, he referenced arm fatigue throughout the entire year. He’s also a starter. There’s a high likelihood that fatigue wasn’t quantified and his motion changed overloading torque on his weak arm.
So how do we combat fatigue? Players need to focus on arm strength, muscular balance and monitor fatigue. Then use this info to make adjustments to throwing workloads & guide arm care training. This will reduce injury risks significantly.
Our question for the baseball industry is, “if the throwing arm has optimal strength, fatigue-resistant and no muscular imbalances, the athlete also has no pain and is performing well -would you alter his mechanics?”
How do we know if our idea of “poor mechanics” whatever that is and changing an athletes’ motor preferences is not the real reason for injuries… increasing throwing arm fatigue by increasing effort of muscles that are unaccustomed to the athlete?
Long held injury beliefs about the inverted W have not been shown to prove true. Any arm action is at an equal risk. A change in trunk position and trunk speed has been an injury factor, but the change in typical trunk motion comes from lower ground reaction force production from lower body fatigue and also slower arm speed which arises from rotator cuff and elbow extension speed. This momentum shift has been shown to fatigue the arm further.
Fatigue causes Weakness.
Weakness causes Compensation.
Movement Compensations coupled with weakened dynamic stabilizers are a recipe for disaster.
#PitchingMechanics #ArmCare #InjuryPrevention