Last week at
@WTM_Africa in Cape Town, I had the opportunity to moderate the panel “Over-Tourism: Can There Be Too Much Investment?” with Hafsa Mbamba, Tourism Manager at the Presidential Delivery Bureau, Zanzibar; Enver Duminy, Chief Executive Officer of Cape Town Tourism; and Shelley Cox, Co-owner of Africa Conservation Travel and We Are Victoria Falls Destination Management Organisation.
What made the discussion especially valuable was that each panelist brought practical lessons from Zanzibar, Cape Town, and Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe, grounding the conversation in lived destination experience rather than abstract debate.
One of the most important takeaways for me was that Africa may need to frame the debate on over-tourism differently. Much of the global conversation comes from destinations already dealing with saturation. In the African context, many destinations are still seeking more tourists, greater value, and more investment. That shifts the question. The issue is often not “over-tourism” in the classic sense, but the concentration of visitors, investment, and benefits in specific places, and whether destinations are being managed well enough to support the growth they want, while making it competitive, resilient, and widely beneficial.
The panel also highlighted the importance of connecting destination marketing much more closely with destination management. If promotion and investment move faster than planning, infrastructure, governance, and community benefit, what looks like growth can quickly become a strain.
Another key point was that success cannot be measured solely by arrivals. Destinations need to understand citizen sentiment, whether residents feel tourism is improving their city, and whether the benefits are spreading beyond the usual hotspots. The discussion also reinforced the importance of connecting destinations more deliberately, so visitor flows, investment, and opportunity can reach underutilised areas.
I also appreciated that the conversation moved beyond infrastructure alone. We explored shared-benefit tourism, stewardship, circular economy opportunities, and the importance of ensuring that tourism growth translates into visible value for residents, local businesses, communities, and ecosystems. That is what will ultimately sustain legitimacy and competitiveness over time.
For me, the strongest conclusion from the session was this: Africa does not need to inherit the mistakes of already saturated destinations elsewhere. It still has an opportunity to build better-managed, better-planned, and more resilient tourism destinations, and, in doing so, become a benchmark for smarter, shared-benefit tourism growth.
Congratulations to Gillian Saunders, Reed Exhibitions, and JLL on convening such a strong event, and thank you again to Hafsa, Enver, and Shelley for such a thoughtful and grounded discussion.
#TourismInvestment #DestinationManagement #AfricaTourism