ALT 🔹 Abstract Classes Abstract classes are classes that can't be instantiated on their own and may have both abstract (unimplemented) and non-abstract (implemented) methods. They allow partial abstraction and can hold shared code between subclasses, making them ideal for base classes. 🎛️ 🔹 Annotations Annotations are metadata we add to our code to give instructions to the compiler or runtime. Commonly used annotations include @Override, @Deprecated, and @SuppressWarnings, helping us to make code more readable and maintainable. 📌