Valentine's Day puzzle purse love letters, c. 1790-1826. Medium: Watercolor, pen and ink on paper. Collection: The Postal Museum, London (1790 example) and The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (1826 example).
In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, the British postal system worked very differently than it does today. The delivery fee wasn't paid by the sender, but usually by the recipient.
Postal officials calculated this cost based on the number of sheets of paper used, not the weight of the letter. If a sender placed the letter inside a separate envelope, the envelope counted as an extra sheet -- meaning the recipient was charged for two sheets. This made delivery quite expensive for ordinary people. That's why lovers turned to this special folding method called "letterlocking." They crafted their drawings and poems on a single sheet of paper, then folded it into a self-closing square. This way, the letter became its own envelope, saving the recipient from paying higher postage fees. Plus, this folding process kept private messages safe from the eyes of postal workers or nosy family members.