The Catholic Church has never favored literacy”
This is not true. The Catholic Church was the primary force preserving and advancing literacy and learning in Western Europe for centuries, especially after the fall of the Roman Empire.
• Monasteries and scriptoria: Benedictine and other monastic orders maintained scriptoria (copying rooms) where monks meticulously preserved the Bible, Church Fathers, classical Greek/Roman texts (Aristotle, Plato, etc.), and more. Without this, much of ancient knowledge would have been lost. Monks were among the few literate people in early medieval Europe.
• Schools and universities: Cathedral schools, monastic schools, and the Church founded the first European universities (e.g., Bologna, Paris, Oxford) in the 11th-13th centuries. These taught grammar, logic, rhetoric, and more — literacy was foundational.
• Broader efforts: The Church promoted education through missionary work, catechisms, and later parochial schools. In the Americas and elsewhere, Catholic orders established schools early on. Literacy rates were low overall in the Middle Ages due to agrarian society and the cost of books (hand-copied), not deliberate Church opposition.
Claims of systematic opposition to lay literacy are a myth, often stemming from Protestant polemics. The Church emphasized guided interpretation (via clergy and Tradition alongside Scripture) due to risks of error or heresy, but did not oppose reading or education itself.