Plato Explains ECDO theory
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Helpful before you read:
---I don't actually know for sure that Plato is explaining a fast true polar wander event (ECDO), it's just so happens Plato's explanation of a cataclysm involving global earthquakes, the stars changing their course of motion, the conservation of momentum demanding a change in Earth's rotation in order to not expend energy, state 1 lasting 'infinitely' longer than state 2, that the same crops wouldn't grow in state 2, and much more.... is all very close to ECDO theory, so I made it the title. You can learn about this aspect of ECDO theory here:
theethicalskeptic.com/2024/0…
---The original translator Jowett, translated from Greek in two different ways. The first is just Plato speaking, reworded to no longer be a conversation. I included both. The second is further below and includes questions asked by Socrates.
---Plato often talks about forces of nature as if they are divine. i.e. "unseen forces and rules of physics" => God or lesser god or divine forces.
---Plato sometimes references "earthborn". He explains elsewhere that these are humanoids/humans that were not born naturally from other humans. He explains that they are an "earth-born race" that come out of the ground when a change happens to Earth's rotation. This is not part of ECDO theory, but I still included it because it was amusing.
---The text below is kind of long, but it includes everything ECDO related plus some. Most of their conversation is about unrelated topics. My hope is that this post contains everything you might care about -- I don't think I skipped anything you would want to read. The full text I used be found here:
gutenberg.org/files/1738/173…
Other than the below two modifications the text you are about to read is only exact excerpts from Plato's "Statesman":
---I changed most instances of 'world' to 'Earth'.
---[text] is my rewording of Plato or a minor additions of words to improve readability. I only did this when the original phrasing was very difficult to understand for modern English readers. I stayed faithful and avoided any pro-ECDO bias.
----------Disclaimer by Jowett-----------
This myth...is more historical than poetical...It is hardly a myth in the sense in which the term might be applied to [other] myths.
And [Plato] is not without express testimony to the truth of his narrative --...the first generation of the new cycle...have preserved a recollection of a previous one. He also appeals to internal evidence...[our ancestors before the cycle understood the connections between entire] spheres of knowledge, which to us appear wide apart as the poles, [and subjects such as] astronomy and medicine were naturally connected in the minds of early thinkers...Thus there is a basis of philosophy, on which the improbabilities of the tale may be said to rest. These are some of the [rhetorical] devices by which Plato, like a modern novelist, seeks to familiarize [readers with] the marvellous.
----------Narrative Translation by Jowett------------
I think that we can...recourse to a famous old tradition, which may amuse as well as instruct us -- the narrative is perfectly true, although the skepticism of mankind is prone to doubt the tales of old. You have heard what happened...how the sun and stars once arose in the west and set in the east...'There is such a story.' And no doubt you have heard of the empire of Cronos, and of the earthborn men? The origin...is to be found in the tale which I am about to narrate.
There was a time when God directed the revolutions of the world, but at the completion of a certain cycle he let go; and the world, by a necessity of its nature, turned back, and went round the other way...The earth and heavens...have a body, and are therefore liable to perturbation. In the case of the Earth, the perturbation is very slight, and amounts only to a reversal of motion. [The laws of physics for] moving things is [able to] self-move; [there is no need to assume on faith] that God has given the universe opposite motions; or that there are two gods, one turning it in one direction, another in another. But the truth is, that there are two cycles of the world, and in one of them it is governed by an immediate Providence...and in the other is let go again, and has a reverse action.. This new action is spontaneous, and is due to...balance...vast size... and...the smallness of the pivot upon which it turns.
All changes in the Earth and heavens affect the animal world, and this being the greatest of them, is most destructive to men and animals. At the beginning of the cycle before our own, very few...survived...For their life was reversed like the motion of the Earth...our ancestors, who came into being immediately after the end of the last cycle and at the beginning of this, have preserved the recollection. Such traditions are often now unduly discredited, and yet they may be proved by internal evidence. For observe how consistent the narrative is...
The previous state [before the cycles, people had]...boundless leisure...they had employed these advantages with a view to philosophy, gathering from every [part of] nature some addition to their store of knowledge...they had merely eaten and drunk, and told stories to one another...But...nobody [really] knows [what their daily life was like], the question must remain unanswered.
...In the fulness of time, when the earthborn men had all passed away, the ruler of the universe let go the helm, and became a spectator; and destiny and natural impulse swayed the Earth. At the same instant all the inferior deities gave up their hold; the whole universe rebounded, and there was a great earthquake, and utter ruin of all manner of animals. After a while the tumult ceased...At first the case of men was very helpless and pitiable; for they were alone among the wild beasts, and had to carry on the struggle for existence without arts or knowledge, and had no food, and did not know how to get any. That was the time when Prometheus brought them fire, Hephaestus and Athene taught them arts, and other gods gave them seeds and plants.
Enough of the myth...The young Socrates has [already] heard of the sun rising in the west and setting in the east, and of the earth-born men; but he has never heard the origin of these remarkable phenomena. [Plato complains, using advanced vocabulary and complex syntax, that people are too skeptical, forgetful, or dismissive of older traditions and marvelous ancient accounts. He additionally complains that people who are prone to believing extraordinary things like to modify and exaggerate what he says about the the nature of Earths rotation, which unjustly makes Plano seem less believable by association]
-------Translation by Jowett including questions by Socrates------
YOUNG SOCRATES: I suppose you to mean the token of the birth of the golden lamb.
STRANGER: No, not that; but another part of the story, which tells how the sun and the stars once rose in the west, and set in the east, and that the god reversed their motion, and gave [our ancestors] that which they now have as a testimony...
YOUNG SOCRATES: Yes; there is that legend also...
STRANGER: Did you ever hear that the men of former times were earth-born, and not begotten of one another?
YOUNG SOCRATES: Yes, that is another old tradition.
STRANGER: All these stories, and ten thousand others which are still more wonderful, have a common origin; many of them have been lost in the lapse of ages, or are repeated only in a disconnected form; but the origin of them is [untold], and may as well be told now -- for the tale is suited to throw light on the nature of our king.
YOUNG SOCRATES: Very good; and I hope that you will give the whole story, and leave out nothing.
STRANGER: Listen, then. There is a time when God guides and helps to roll the world in its course; and there is a time, on the completion of a certain cycle, when he lets go [of the Earth], and the Earth being a living creature, and having originally received intelligence from its author and creator, turns about and by an inherent necessity [of physics] revolves in the opposite direction.
YOUNG SOCRATES: Why is that?
STRANGER: Why, because only the most divine things...remain...unchanged...[Earth's] body is not included in this class...[Earth is] of a bodily nature, and therefore cannot be entirely free from perturbation. But their motion is, as far as possible, single and in the same place, and of the same kind [in other words it has a motion vector]; and is therefore only subject to a reversal, which is the least alteration possible [to it's motion]. To think that God moves Earth at one time in one direction and at another time in another is blasphemy. Hence we must not say that the Earth is either self-moved always, or made to go round by God in two opposite courses; or that two Gods, having opposite purposes, make it move round. But as I have already said -- and this is the only remaining alternative -- the Earth...receives fresh life...from the renewing hand...and again, when it lets go, moves spontaneously, being set free...[This happens] during infinite cycles of years, [then it has] a reverse movement -- this is due to its perfect balance, to its vast size, and to the fact that it turns on the smallest pivot.
YOUNG SOCRATES: Your account of the world seems to be very reasonable indeed.
STRANGER: Let us now reflect and try to gather from what has been said the nature of the phenomenon which we affirmed to be the cause of all these wonders. It is this.
YOUNG SOCRATES: What?
STRANGER: The reversal which takes place from time to time of the motion of the universe.
YOUNG SOCRATES: How is that the cause?
STRANGER: Of all changes of the heavenly motions [of stars], we may consider this to be the greatest and most complete.
YOUNG SOCRATES: I should imagine so.
STRANGER: And it may be supposed to result in the greatest changes to the human beings who are the inhabitants of the world at the time.
YOUNG SOCRATES: Such changes would naturally occur.
STRANGER: And animals, as we know, survive with difficulty great and serious changes of many different kinds when they come upon them at once.
YOUNG SOCRATES: Very true.
STRANGER: Hence there necessarily occurs a great destruction of them...few survivors of the race are left, and those who remain become the subjects of several novel and remarkable phenomena, and of one in particular, which takes place at the time when the transition is made to the cycle opposite to that in which we are now living.
...
STRANGER: ...the earth-born race, of which we hear in story, was the one which existed in those days -- they rose again from the ground; and of this tradition, which is now-a-days often unduly discredited, our ancestors, who were nearest in point of time to the end of the last period and came into being at the beginning of this, are to us the heralds...
YOUNG SOCRATES: Certainly that is quite consistent with what has preceded; but tell me, [when] was the life [of leisure] which you said existed? [Was it during] the reign of Cronos in that cycle of the world, or in this? For the change in the course of the stars and the sun must have occurred in both.
STRANGER: ...no, that blessed...life does not belong to the present cycle of the world, but to the previous one.
...
STRANGER: When the change was to take place, and the earth-born race had all perished... the pilot of the universe let the helm go...and then Fate and innate desire reversed the motion of the world...And the world turning round with a sudden shock, being impelled in an opposite direction from beginning to end, was shaken by a mighty earthquake, which wrought a new destruction of all manner of animals. Afterwards, when sufficient time had elapsed, the tumult and confusion and earthquake ceased...As time went on, there was more and more forgetting, and the old discord again held sway and burst forth in full glory...Wherefore God...again seated himself at the helm; and bringing back the elements which had fallen into dissolution and disorder to the motion [of Earth] which had prevailed under his dispensation, he set them in order and restored them...And this is the whole tale...And so we have arrived at the real end of this discourse.
[a discussion about other topics, but they briefly come back to discussing what life was like after the cycle event]
Deprived...they were left helpless and defenseless, and were torn in pieces by the beasts, who were naturally fierce and had now grown wild. And in the first ages they were still without skill or resource; the food which once grew spontaneously had failed, and as yet they knew not how to procure it, because they had never felt the pressure of necessity....[fortunately] gifts [of knowledge] were imparted to man...together with so much teaching and education that was indispensable; fire was given to them by Prometheus, the arts by Hephaestus, Athene, seeds and plants by others. From these is derived all that has helped to frame human life...Enough of the story.
x.com/imkharn/status/1936885…