Six years ago, rammed earth was illegal to build with in Rwanda. Today it’s the primary material of a 69-building university campus built almost entirely by local hands.
96% of all construction materials sourced within Rwanda. Rammed earth, compressed earth blocks, locally quarried stone, terracotta roof tiles made from on-site soil and clay. The buildings were literally harvested from the ground they sit on.
One cooperative formed by workers trained in rammed-earth techniques during construction now carries that expertise to projects across Rwanda. The building didn’t just train students, it trained builders and changed the local construction economy.
Embodied carbon 60% below the global average for institutional buildings. Fully off-grid, powered by a 1.5MW solar array. Projected to become fully climate-positive by 2040, removing more carbon than was produced during its construction.
Earth blocks were actually illegal in Rwanda until 2019. MASS worked with the Government of Rwanda to write new standards and guidelines to legalize their use. They didn’t just build a campus, they changed national building policy.
This is what it looks like when architecture takes its responsibility seriously.
RICA, Rwanda Institute for Conservation Agriculture, Gashora, Rwanda by MASS Design Group.
📷 Iwan Baan