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The number 30 has an equal number of even and odd factors. So too do the numbers 6, 58, and 110.
Describe the set of all numbers that have this property.
For a prime p, record the exponent of the highest power of p that divides each counting number.
If p = 2, the average of these values is 1.
If p = 3, the average of these values is 1/2.
What is the average value for a general prime p?
Among the first ten-billion counting numbers, what's the average value for the exponent of the largest power of 3 that divides each counting number?
(Well, exact value not needed! But what value will it be mighty close to?)
Among the integers 1, 2, 3,..., N:
* all have 1 as a factor
* about half have 2 as a factor
* about one quarter have 4 as a factor
etc.
Let F(N) = the highest value k such that 2^k is a factor of N.
To what value does Ave(N) = [F(1) F(2) ... F(n)] / N tend as N grows?
14 and 15 are two consecutive integers each with at least two distinct prime factors, all primes distinct.
Are there three consecutive integers each with at least three prime factors and all nine of those primes distinct?
A point is chosen at random inside a P-by-Q rectangle (uniform distribution) and its distances from the four sides of the rectangle are measured. What is the probability that the those four lengths are also the side lengths of a quadrilateral?
A point is chosen at random inside a 1-by-2 rectangle (uniform distribution) and its distances from the four sides of the rectangle are measured.
What is the probability that the those four lengths are also the side lengths of a quadrilateral?
A point is chosen inside a 1-by-2 rectangle and its four distances to the sides of the rectangle are noted.
Must those four values also be the side lengths of a quadrilateral?
A point is chosen in a square and its four distances from a, b, c, d are noted. Could those distances, for sure, be the side lengths of a quadrilateral?
Three Cevians are drawn in a triangle, one from each vertex to its opposite side.
Could one, for certain, use those Cevians as the side lengths of another triangle?
Place r balls into N bins. How many essentially different ways?
Answers vary depending on whether or not the balls and/or bins are labeled.
Which scenario is sure to give the largest count?
Which the least? Of the remaining cases, will one count always be larger than the other?
How many essentially different ways are there to insert 4 balls into 3 bins if:
a) The balls are labeled and the bins are labeled?
b) The balls are labeled but the bins are identical?
c) The balls are identical, the bins are labeled?
d) The balls are identical, as are the bins?
Does anyone else have trouble with the common answer to the famous stick-break-make-a-triangle problem?
Given we'll also start by first breaking off a left piece and then breaking the right piece, I personally think the answer is about 19.3%. (This comes from ln(2)-0.5.)
Values p, q each chosen from [0, 100] at random (uniform distribution).
Hold up a stick, cut off p% of its length from the left end. Hold up the right piece,cut of q% of its length from its right end.
Try to make a triangle with the three pieces you have.
Chances possible?
A Slight Variation on a Classic:
A stick is broken at random into two pieces, and then the longest piece is again broken into two pieces. (Each break point is chosen from a uniform distribution).
What are the chances that the three pieces can be used to make a triangle?