For several decades now, the job of bonds has simply been: When the market goes down, these should offset my losses a bit.
But over the past 5-6 years, bonds have grown more interlinked with the markets — what used to be an alternative has now become just another asset to sell.
So, what changed? In the old setup, bad news for the economy usually meant lower growth, lower rates, and a boost for bonds. Since 2020, though, the dominant risk hasn’t just been growth — it’s inflation.
When inflation is the problem, that relationship breaks. A shock that hurts stocks can also push yields higher, forcing bond prices down.
So instead of acting as a hedge, bonds start moving in the same direction as equities — especially during periods of stress. At the same time, bonds themselves have become a bit less “safe” than they used to be.
Governments are issuing more debt, central banks are stepping back from being consistent buyers, and investors are demanding higher yields to compensate.