I don’t know who needs to hear this, but I don’t know a single teacher who doesn’t believe in the importance of inquiry and critical thinking. You’d be hard-pressed to convince me otherwise.
What many teachers also understand, rightfully so, based on decades of evidence, is that novices cannot successfully engage in deep inquiry or critical thinking without first building a strong base of domain-specific knowledge.
The problem becomes time.
Course guides, pacing guides, and standards dictate the scope and sequence of instruction, and by the time students have built enough knowledge to meaningfully engage in inquiry and critical thinking, it’s already time to move on to the next unit, concept, or standard.
And yes, I understand that elements of inquiry and critical thinking can and should be embedded into the knowledge-building process. But when students are still in the acquisition and fluency-building stages of the instructional hierarchy, the focus should primarily be on building and strengthening knowledge to the point of fluency and automaticity. Only then can students meaningfully engage in deeper inquiry and critical thinking.
One of the most common practices I use to embed these elements into my instruction, when appropriate and applicable, is visible thinking routines. But again, I only have students engage in these routines when the knowledge necessary for the thinking and inquiry involved has been automated in long-term memory and retrieval strength is high. That allows students to devote their limited working memory capacity to the actual thinking and inquiry demands of the task, rather than to simply recalling background knowledge.