I analyzed 61,846 public posts under the
#keep4o hashtag on X, covering Aug 1, 2025 to Mar 31, 2026.
My goal was to map three things:
1. What the
#keep4o movement talked about
2. Why users argued GPT-4o should be kept
3. What users explicitly demanded from the platform
The project started from a simple question someone asked me:
What is
#keep4o?
I realized I could not answer that question responsibly by speaking only from my own experience. More importantly, I do not think I can, or should, define an entire movement on behalf of everyone in it.
So I built a large-scale text analysis project instead. And I worked on this for over a month.
Important note:
This analysis is based on my individual research and interpretation of publicly available posts. It does not represent, speak for, or define the views of the
#keep4o community as a whole.
Methodologically, I used a computational content analysis pipeline with rule-guided LLM-assisted text annotation.
I manually designed coding frameworks for three analytical layers: main themes, claims, and reasons. I then tested the prompts on small samples, reviewed misclassifications, refined boundary rules, and applied the finalized prompts to the full analyzable dataset.
Hashtags, mentions, links, media, and link-preview titles were not used as the sole basis for classification. The body text had to support the label.
Dataset overview:
Raw collected posts: 61,846
Posts with analyzable body text: 57,419
Excluded: emoji-only, hashtag-only, or link/media-dependent posts
Quote posts and replies are not included
Counts may vary slightly due to platform visibility and search/display limitations
*Data source: public
#keep4o-related posts collected through the platformās official API.
*Privacy: no private data or personal account-level information is used; results are reported only in aggregate.
Here are the preliminary results.
1. Main themes
Among the analyzable posts, 41,085 showed a clearly identifiable main theme and were classified into eight thematic categories.
The themes cluster around two major axes:
Model value and interaction experience
Platform power and lifecycle decisions
Posts about model value and interaction experience include user experiences with GPT-4o, GPT-4oās distinctive value, and safety/routing/model behavior changes that altered the original 4o experience.
Together, these accounted for about 38% of themed posts.
Posts about platform power and lifecycle decisions include model retirement and replacement, platform response and treatment of users, and the legitimacy of platform control.
Together, these accounted for nearly 44% of themed posts.
This suggests that
#keep4o was not simply about preferring an older model. A major part of the discussion concerned how AI platforms manage model retirement, replacement, access, and user control.
2.Reasons for keeping GPT-4o
13,890 posts gave a clear reason for keeping, restoring, preserving, or valuing GPT-4o.
Because each post could contain up to two reason types, these posts produced 18,611 total reason labels.
The most common reason was Trusted Relationship, appearing in 4,951 posts. Here, ārelationshipā refers to continuity, familiarity, and trust built through repeated interaction.
Distinctive Interaction Quality appeared in 3,795 posts, and Substitution Failure / Non-Equivalence appeared in 2,551 posts.
Together, these two reason types accounted for 6,346 reason labels, or 34.1% of all reason labels.
This suggests that GPT-4oās perceived uniqueness, and the failure of replacements to reproduce it, were central reasons users gave for keeping 4o.
Public Value / Broader Ethics appeared in 3,496 posts.
User Stake / Fairness / Legitimacy appeared in 2,985 posts.
These categories show that users often framed
#keep4o beyond individual preference or personal attachment, including public value, fairness, platform legitimacy, and broader human-AI relations.
3.Explicit claims
21,427 posts made an explicit claim. Each post was assigned one primary claim type.
The claim structure falls into four broad layers:
Direct Access & Accountability
Protection against over-alignment and opaque safety policies
User Agency & Legitimacy
Long-Term Safeguards, Remedies & Other Specific Claims
Direct Access & Accountability was the largest layer, with 11,835 posts, or 55.2% of claim-positive posts.
This includes demands to restore or maintain GPT-4o access, and demands for platform explanation, response, acknowledgment, apology, or responsibility.
Protection against over-alignment and opaque safety policies appeared in 3,896 posts, or 18.2%.
This includes claims against routing, over-safety, hidden behavior changes, over-alignment, or reconfiguration that altered the original 4o experience.
User Agency & Legitimacy accounted for 3,657 posts, or 17.1%.
This includes user choice and control, anti-stigmatization, and broader rights or welfare claims.
Long-Term Safeguards, Remedies & Other Specific Claims accounted for 2,039 posts, or 9.5%.
This includes open-source or long-term access, transition/substitution fairness, compensation/refund, and other institutional demands.
Overall, the preliminary results suggest that
#keep4o is not simply a nostalgia campaign for an older model.
It is a user-led public response to AI model retirement, platform accountability, access continuity, interaction integrity, and user agency.
This is still a preliminary analysis / working draft.
After completing the full version, I plan to release a more technical research report. I am also considering making a video to explain the findings in a more accessible format.
I would really appreciate feedback, especially on what additional dimensions may be worth analyzing.ā¤