America’s Shadow Diplomats — and Their Conflicts of Interest
Instead of the secretary of state, Trump has turned to his son-in-law Jared Kushner and his business associate Steve Witkoff to conduct high-stakes diplomacy, from Ukraine and Russia to Iran. Their latest mission, talks with Iran in Pakistan, underscores a troubling pattern: the outsourcing of U.S. foreign policy to individuals whose private financial entanglements collide directly with their public roles.
Start with Witkoff. As the president’s special envoy, he is negotiating in Pakistan even as the Trump-Witkoff families’ crypto venture, World Liberty Financial, has secured a major stablecoin deal with the Pakistani government. A country serving as the host of sensitive Iran talks is simultaneously a business partner of the Trump-Witkoff families. The structure invites a perception of pay-to-play diplomacy — where access and influence are inseparable from commercial gain.
Kushner’s case is even more stark. His private equity firm, Affinity Partners, has been fueled by billions from Gulf sheikhdoms, including roughly $2 billion from Saudi Arabia’s sovereign wealth fund. Riyadh’s strategic objective has long been to isolate and weaken Iran, not reconcile with it. Crown Prince Salman reportedly pressed Trump to ramp up attacks on Iran.
Yet Kushner, while financially beholden to a Saudi leadership that prefers the Iranian regime’s collapse over a diplomatic thaw, positions himself now as a broker of détente. The contradiction is glaring: Can a negotiator financially dependent on Saudi backing credibly pursue an outcome that Saudi leadership may detest?
These are not just ethical concerns; they go to the core of diplomatic credibility.
When foreign governments know that key negotiators have private business interests, whether in crypto, real estate or investment funds, the incentive structure shifts. Concessions may be offered not through formal channels of statecraft, but through commercial opportunities that benefit these individuals personally. Diplomacy becomes transactional in the most literal sense.
Pakistan provides a telling case study. Alongside its role in facilitating talks with Iran, it has also been linked to business dealings involving Trump-associated ventures, including real estate projects. It reached an agreement with the U.S. to revamp the Roosevelt Hotel in Manhattan.
Compounding the problem is the lack of transparency. Unlike Senate-confirmed officials, Kushner and Witkoff operate in a gray zone — described as an “adviser” or “special envoy” — that allows them to bypass standard ethics disclosures and oversight. This shadow diplomacy shields potential conflicts from scrutiny while concentrating immense power in unelected hands.
The deeper issue is not just Kushner or Witkoff. It is Trump’s governing philosophy: a view of foreign policy as an extension of private business interests and, at times, the family business itself.