If you’re into predictive processing and meditation, this paper pushes the Overton window. From the quantum formulation of the free-energy principle, we show that an agent cannot define its own boundary from within. The realization of this irreducible indeterminacy is a principled definition of awakening. Ultimately, this extends to the separability of any object in experience, formalizing emptiness and engendering a “post-dual agent”.
Any persisting agent must minimize surprise by gathering evidence for its generative model. But all evidence available to the agent arrives through its boundary with the world. To prove that this boundary really separates “self” from “world”, the agent would need to step outside the boundary and measure the whole self-world relation. A finite agent cannot do this, as a scissor can't cut itself.
So the self-world boundary can be useful, predictive, and necessary for action, but it can never be known as an ontological fact from within. Meditation, on this view, progressively reveals the self-world split as a modelling prior rather than a structural feature of reality. This naturally shifts the weighting of self (inside boundary) and other (outside boundary), since both are seen to be inferences rather than grounded realities by virtue of an indefinable boundary. A more even-handed and compassionate orientation can arise.
A highly principled finger pointing at the moon!