Molecular intelligence: enzymes that compute
Living matter already processes information — it senses, reacts, and adapts — but doing so with the precision of a computer has long seemed out of reach. What if molecules themselves could perform computation, without any electronics?
Souvik Ghosh and coauthors demonstrate exactly that: a recursive enzymatic network built from just seven immobilized enzymes that can perform reservoir computing. Instead of transistors, the system uses competition between chemical reactions, feedback loops, and non-linear kinetics to classify inputs and respond to changing conditions — all inside a microreactor.
The result is remarkable. With a simple linear readout, the chemical network performs non-linear classification tasks, senses temperature with ~1.3 °C precision, and even detects light-pulse periodicity by coupling to a photoacid dye. The computation happens entirely within wet chemistry, where sensing, processing, and decision-making merge into one process.
Compared to earlier chemical reservoirs, this one operates under mild, bio-compatible conditions — opening the door to soft, autonomous materials that think and act chemically.
Paper:
nature.com/articles/s41557-0…