According to the OECD, Chinese firms received 3–8x more subsidies than Western competitors between 2005 and 2024, and around 60% of China’s global market-share gains since 2005 were driven by state support.
The United States does the same.
Its semiconductor strategy includes $52.7bn in CHIPS Act funding, plus major tax incentives.
Its defence, aerospace, AI and semiconductor ecosystems were built around decades of public procurement, DARPA, NASA, defence R&D, tax credits and federal industrial strategy.
Brussels must directly support European champions and focus on developing Europe’s strategic sectors: energy, defence, AI, semiconductors, batteries, aerospace, grids, robotics and advanced manufacturing.
Strategic public support creates global champions.