I asked Grok to create congressional maps with these basic instructions: Using the latest available US census data, create a map of US congressional districts for each state with the following rules, in addition to those set in the U.S. Constitution for districting:
1. Each district is as close to a square as possible, given state borders and populations.
2. Within each state, each district's population is as equal as possible.
3. There must be no partisan considerations. (No bias toward any political party.)
4. There must be no racial considerations.
5. Rural areas must not be subsumed by urban interests.
- Ensure you include all 50 states, placing Alaska and Hawaii in the upper left and lower left borders, respectively.
- Produce 3 such possible maps. For example, while still following the rules, you may start creating districts in the NW corner vs NE corner or SE corner, or state center, etc., resulting in different district borders, but satisfying all rules. (NOTE: after some dialog, it was decided that the three would be one that prioritized rectangular/orthogonal grid-like districts, one that applied Polsby-Popper to create smooth, organic shaped districts, and one that balanced grid & organic.)
- Color-code each map indicating which districts would be dominated by Republicans (red) and which would be dominated by Democrats (blue), based upon voter registration roles for each party. Use or 3 shades of each color to indicate how strongly they're dominated, with the deeper colors indicting stronger dominance.
- Include a legend on each map that indicates the number of districts that would be dominated by each of the two parties, and if any, how many districts would be toss-ups in an election.
It took a few iterations to get Grok to colorize the maps properly with correct legends (it doesn't seem to be very good at drawing), but eventually got it right.
SEATS BY PARTY:
Map 1 (orthogonal / grid):
R=230-240
D=175-185
Toss-up=15-25
Map 2 (Polsby-Popper / organic):
R=210-220
D=195-205
Toss-up=15-25
Map 3: Balanced of 1 & 2:
R=220-230
D=185-195
Toss-up=15-25.
The conclusion: Drawing districts fairly, even with slightly varying prioritization on shapes, Republicans dominate the country, but the margin varies some between three non-partisan district shapes. Democrats have been winning thanks to gerrymandering.
If you doubt me, you can see the entire prompt with clarifications here:
grok.com/share/c2hhcmQtMg_64…
If you're curious, the term gerrymandering came from the Massachusetts governor, Elbridge Gerry, of the "Democratic-Republican" party (ironic, eh?) creating oddly shaped districts to win control over senate seats.
The Democratic-Republican Party split into two separate factions following the contentious 1824 presidential election -- The Democratic Party: Led by Andrew Jackson and organized by Martin Van Buren, this faction shortened its name to the Democrats by 1828. It exists today as the modern Democratic Party. The National Republican Party: Led by John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay, this faction opposed Jackson. In the 1830s, it merged with other anti-Jackson groups to form the Whig Party. (The modern Republican Party is not a direct descendant of the Democratic-Republicans; it was formed later, in 1854, by anti-slavery activists and former Whigs.)