For much of the modern era, #Deterrence rested on 2 essential conditions: #Attribution & #Cognition. You could identify your #Adversary, and you had time to assess, deliberate, and step back from #Escalation. Today, these conditions are under growing strain. From #HybridWarfare to #CyberOperations, #ProxyConflicts, and #DeniableStrikes, #Conflict is increasingly unfolding in ways that #ObscureResponsibility and #CompressResponseTime.