Universal Internet of Everything (IoE) Transceiver
frontiersin.org/journals/com…
We introduce a new communication device concept, namely the universal IoE transceiver, that encompasses transceiver architectures that are characterized by multi-modality in communication (with modalities such as molecular, RF/THz, optical and acoustic) and in energy harvesting (with modalities such as mechanical, solar, biochemical), modularity, tunability, and scalability.
Interfacing various networks of heterogeneous technologies via universal transceivers, that is the underlying theme of the Internet of Everything (IoE) framework, is expected to open up unprecedented opportunities.
An Internet of Bio-Nano Things (IoBNT) using Molecular Communication (MC) to communicate with the intra-body cells can be interconnected with a bio-cyber interface via multiple communication technologies suitable for the intra-body communication, e.g., MC, THz, and acoustic, for healthcare applications such as remote healthcare with continuous monitoring.
In particular, an Internet of Bio-Nano Things (IoBNT) can monitor the concentrations of hormones or molecules in the blood, and transmit this information to the bio-cyber interface, which can connect to the conventional Electromagentic (EM) networks using Radio Frequency (RF) modality so that the healthcare provider can remotely monitor the person’s health condition.(Khan et al., 2020a).
researchgate.net/profile/Okt…
Moreover, the neural interfaces and wearable sensor/actuator networks embedded with universal transceivers can be utilized in the transfer of senses, thoughts and skills non-verbally among individuals, i. e, Internet of People and Senses (IoPS) (Grau et al., 2014).
journals.plos.org/plosone/ar… In particular, a neural interface communicating with the neurons in the human brain can be interconnected to the other neural interfaces for the transfer of thoughts via low-latency and high-data-rate communication technologies, e.g., THz and optical, that can satisfy the requirements of such applications (Akan, 2021).
arxiv.org/pdf/2003.11864
The universal IoE transceivers can facilitate the cooperation of many other Internet of X’s (IoXs), such as Internet of Vehicles (IoV) and Internet of Energy (IoEn), within the IoE framework for novel applications emerging from the close interaction between the heterogeneous technologies inherent in these IoXs.
We envision that inter-modality transduction in universal IoE transceiver architectures is based on TRANSDUCTION OF ALL MODALITIES TO AND FROM ELECTRICAL DOMAIN because current signal processing elements rely on electrical signals providing fast processing. Inter-modality transduction must be information efficient such that information loss during the transduction process should be minimized. In this direction, investigation of high-performance novel materials enabling transduction from a set of diverse modalities to electrical domain and from electrical domain to the modality of choice is crucial. Employing the same material for transduction of all modalities is also crucial for integrability. Moreover, for an efficient transduction, respective material parameters, which affect the material properties, must be optimized as well. Graphene and related materials (GRMs) are promising in this direction.