Except 90% of these LANGUAGE pragmas have been around since before the dawn of time, and at the risk of being contrarian, maintaining a sliding window of compiler support is actually not a lot of work if you pay for it as you go, but is nightmarish if you try (and half the time fail) to do one big migration every 2-3 years.
That said, within an organization I'm generally on board with blessing a compiler version, and putting the upgrade effort squarely on the shoulders of the part of the team that wants to drag the organization foward to a new one, as long as the current blessed compiler isn't sliding out of support!
Often the "shiny new extensions" you seem to be railing at here are the dividing line that makes something doable or not doable at all as a library.
You should be able to have the discussion about if that shiny new thing serves as a business purpose, but I don't think saying that _no risk is acceptable_ is a terribly forward thinking policy.
Risk seems like the kind of thing that grown up developers should be able to have a discussion about, rather than saying such and such extension be it LinearTypes or whatever, is forbidden because daddy knows best, and because 4 years ago when you locked down your compiler it wasn't ready. Risk is something that can be tracked and budgeted for like anything else. There's potentially disproportionate benefit to getting out ahead of the curve, but it has to be weighed.
I just don't think all that weight lies on one side of the scale, and research and production have different tolerances here as well.
If what you're saying is more of a "disagree and commit" you revisit periodically as the situation changes, I think you'd find a lot less pushback, but a zero appeals process is basically a great way to get folks to become disgruntled and leave.
You don't stave off all those tensions, you're just bottling them up and ensuring they'll blow off in directions you don't expect at times outside of your control, taking out developers and institutional knowledge when they do inevitably go off.