Do you know how to keep safe from water and electricity in marinas and boatyards? Article 555 covers the installation of wiring and equipment for fixed or floating piers, wharfs, docking facilities, marinas, and boatyards [555.1]. The known hazard of electric shock drowning (ESD) require special rules to protect the users of these facilities from the hazards that arise from the use of electricity. Equipment and connections Electrical equipment (excluding wiring methods) and connections (splices and terminations) not intended for operation while submerged must be located at least 12 in. above the deck of a pier or dock, but not below the electrical datum plane [555.30(A)]. Sealed wire connector systems are limited to use with Types USE, RHW, XHHW, RW90 EP, RW90, XLPE, or TWU conductors, size 30 AWG through 2,000 kcmil copper or aluminum per the UL Guide Information Sheet for “Sealed Wire Connector Systems (ZMWQ).” Receptacles Mount receptacles at least 12 in. above the surface of a fixed pier but not below the electrical datum plane [555.33]. Shore power receptacles must be: •Part of a listed marina power outlet enclosure listed for wet locations or installed in listed weatherproof enclosures. •Rated at least 30A. •Of the pin and sleeve type if rated 60A or higher. Wiring methods You can use any Chapter 3 wiring method identified for wet locations containing an insulated equipment grounding conductor (EGC) [555.34(A)(1)]. To read the full newsletter, click the link below.🔗mikeholt.com/newsletters.php… #NationalElectricalCode #NEC #NECRequirements #NECCode #MikeHolt #MikeHoltEnterprises #Electrician #ElectricalTrade #ElectricalContractor #JourneymanElectrician #ElectricalInspector #Electricaltraining #ElectricalEducation

Grounding of Separately Derived Systems Mike Holt, NEC Consultant Do you understand how the grounding and bonding requirements for the separately derived systems? A “separately derived system” (SDS is an electrical power supply having no direct connection(s) to the circuit conductors of any other electrical source other than those established by grounding and bonding connections [100]. System bonding jumper A “System Bonding Jumper” is the connection between the neutral conductor (or grounded-phase conductor) and the equipment grounding conductor, supply-side bonding jumper, or both at a transformer SDS. A system bonding jumper must be installed at the secondary neutral point or the secondary disconnect neutral terminal (not both). The system bonding jumper must comply with 250.28 and be sized per 250.102(C). The grounding electrode conductor must terminate to the point where the system bonding jumper has been installed [250.30(A)(5)]. A system bonding jumper at the source connects the secondary neutral point of the system to the metal enclosure of the transformer SDS [250.30(A)(1)(a)]. A system bonding jumper at the first disconnecting means connects the neutral conductor of the transformer secondary to the metal enclosure at the secondary disconnect [250.30(A)(1)(b)]. To read the full newsletter, click the link below. 🔗mikeholt.com/newsletters.php… #NationalElectricalCode #NEC #NECRequirements #NECCode #MikeHolt #MikeHoltEnterprises #Electrician #ElectricalTrade #ElectricalContractor #JourneymanElectrician #ElectricalInspector #Electricaltraining #ElectricalEducation

Grounding of Services by Mike Holt, NEC Consultant Correct grounding of services depends upon understanding the definition and role of the grounded conductor. The grounded conductor is typically the neutral, so going forward we will refer to the grounded conductor as the neutral. Grounding electrode connection A premises wiring system supplied by a grounded service must have a grounding electrode conductor connected to the service neutral conductor as follows: (1) General. The grounding electrode conductor connection to the neutral conductor at the service must be made at any accessible point from the load end of the overhead service conductors, service drop, underground service conductors, or service lateral to the terminal or bus to which the service neutral conductor is connected at the service disconnect. Some inspectors require the grounding electrode conductor connection to the service neutral conductor to be made at the meter socket enclosure, while others insist the connection be made only within the service disconnect. Grounding at either location complies with this rule, but be sure you know the local utility company’s policy on connections inside the meter socket. (4) Service Equipment, Main Bonding Jumper. If the main bonding jumper specified in 250.28 is a wire or busbar, you can terminate the grounding electrode conductor to the equipment grounding terminal, bar, or bus to which the main bonding jumper is connected, instead of to the neutral terminal. To read the full newsletter, click the link below: mikeholt.com/newsletters.php… #NationalElectricalCode #NEC #NECRequirements #NECCode #MikeHolt #MikeHoltEnterprises #Electrician #ElectricalTrade #ElectricalContractor #JourneymanElectrician #ElectricalInspector #Electricaltraining #ElectricalEducation

Grounding and Bonding Performance Requirements Mike Holt, NEC Consultant Electricity does not choose “the path of least resistance,” but flows on all paths presented to it. Though related and working together to form a protective system, grounding and bonding serve two completely different purposes. Two simplified definitions that are very important: •Grounding is a connection to the earth. •Bonding is a metallic, low-impedance path between metallic objects. We connect electrical systems to the earth (ground) to limit induced voltage on the system windings and system conductors from indirect lightning strikes (those that are not a direct hit) [250.4(A)(1)]. For this to work, you must make the grounding electrode conductor and grounding electrode bonding jumpers no longer than necessary and avoid unnecessary bends and loops. Because it is both high-frequency and high-voltage, lightning can jump from those bends and loops to nearby objects instead of staying in the conductor. This jump is called a “side flash” and could cause a fire hazard if the side flash occurs around combustible materials (such as wood). Metal parts of electrical equipment must be grounded (connected to the earth) to limit lightning-induced voltage to ground on the metal parts of equipment [250.4(A)(2)]. Where do you ground this equipment? The thing is, you don’t ground it directly. You bond it all to the equipment grounding conductor (EGC) and then you ground the EGC at services [250.24(A)], transformers [250.30(A)], and separate buildings supplied by a feeder [250.32(A)]. To read the full newsletter, click the link below.🔗mikeholt.com/newsletters.php… #NationalElectricalCode #NEC #NECRequirements #NECCode #MikeHolt #MikeHoltEnterprises #Electrician #ElectricalTrade #ElectricalContractor #JourneymanElectrician #ElectricalInspector #Electricaltraining #ElectricalEducation

Check out this NEC photo! This is designed to put a NEC rule at your fingertips each week, remind you to work safely, and to use as a quick training tool for your team in your meetings, at lunch, or in the field – we’d also love to hear from you about this feature and how you’re using it! This photo is extracted from Mike Holt’s 2023 Understanding the NEC Complete Training Library, for more information visit mikeholt.com/code or call 888.632.2633. #MikeHoltEnterprises #MikeHolt #NationalElectricalCode #ElectricalTraining #ElectricalTrade #Electrician #ElectricianLife

Do you understand the general requirements of electrical installations? Article 110 contains general rules that apply to all installations. Conductor material and sizes Conductors must be copper, aluminum, or copper-clad aluminum unless otherwise provided in the Code. If the conductor material is not specified in a rule, the sizes in the NEC are based on a copper conductor [110.5]. Conductor sizes are expressed in American Wire Gauge (AWG) or circular mils (cmil) [110.6]. Mechanical execution of work Electrical equipment must be installed in a professional and skillful manner [110.12]. For information on accepted industry practices, see ANSI/NECA 1, Standard for Good Workmanship in Electrical Construction. This rule is one of the most subjective of the Code, but a few things are explicitly addressed in 110 such as closing unused openings [110.12(A)]. Termination and splicing devices Conductor terminal and splicing devices must be identified for the conductor material, properly installed, and used per the manufacturer’s instructions [110.14]. Many common practices, such as using more than one conductor per terminal, are actually code violations (in this case, unless the terminal is marked for use with more than one conductor). Take the time to understand the manufacturer’s instructions rather than assume you have been shown the correct way to use a particular terminal or splicing device. To read the full newsletter, click the link below. 🔗mikeholt.com/newsletters.php… #NationalElectricalCode #NEC #NECRequirements #NECCode #MikeHolt #MikeHoltEnterprises #Electrician #ElectricalTrade #ElectricalContractor #JourneymanElectrician #ElectricalInspector #Electricaltraining #ElectricalEducation

Check out this NEC photo! This is designed to put a NEC rule at your fingertips each week, remind you to work safely, and to use as a quick training tool for your team in your meetings, at lunch, or in the field – we’d also love to hear from you about this feature and how you’re using it! This photo is extracted from Mike Holt’s 2023 Understanding the NEC Complete Training Library, for more information visit mikeholt.com/code or call 888.632.2633. #MikeHoltEnterprises #MikeHolt #NationalElectricalCode #ElectricalTraining #ElectricalTrade #Electrician #ElectricianLife

Check out this NEC photo! This is designed to put a NEC rule at your fingertips each week, remind you to work safely, and to use as a quick training tool for your team in your meetings, at lunch, or in the field – we’d also love to hear from you about this feature and how you’re using it! This photo is extracted from Mike Holt’s 2023 Understanding the NEC Complete Training Library, for more information visit mikeholt.com/code or call 888.632.2633. #MikeHoltEnterprises #MikeHolt #NationalElectricalCode #ElectricalTraining #ElectricalTrade #Electrician #ElectricianLife

Check out this NEC photo! This is designed to put a NEC rule at your fingertips each week, remind you to work safely, and to use as a quick training tool for your team in your meetings, at lunch, or in the field – we’d also love to hear from you about this feature and how you’re using it! This photo is extracted from Mike Holt’s 2023 Understanding the NEC Complete Training Library, for more information visit mikeholt.com/code or call 888.632.2633. #MikeHoltEnterprises #MikeHolt #NationalElectricalCode #ElectricalTraining #ElectricalTrade #Electrician #ElectricianLife

Free Resource – Communications Systems PDF A great free resource for you! The newest free PDF on Communications Systems is based on the 2023 NEC. It includes Articles 800 and 810. These pages are extracted from Mike Holt's Illustrated Guide to Limited Energy and Communications Systems, based on the 2023 NEC. You can download and print the free PDFs for 2023 and prior NEC Cycles. For additional information on this topic, you can purchase or review this textbook and other products from Mike's Understanding the National Electrical Code series. To read the full newsletter, click the link below. 🔗mikeholt.com/newsletters.php… #NationalElectricalCode #NEC #NECRequirements #NECCode #MikeHolt #MikeHoltEnterprises #Electrician #ElectricalTrade #ElectricalContractor #JourneymanElectrician #ElectricalInspector #Electricaltraining #ElectricalEducation

Check out this NEC photo! This is designed to put a NEC rule at your fingertips each week, remind you to work safely, and to use as a quick training tool for your team in your meetings, at lunch, or in the field – we’d also love to hear from you about this feature and how you’re using it! This photo is extracted from Mike Holt’s 2023 Understanding the NEC Complete Training Library, for more information visit mikeholt.com/code or call 888.632.2633. #MikeHoltEnterprises #MikeHolt #NationalElectricalCode #ElectricalTraining #ElectricalTrade #Electrician #ElectricianLife

Feeders, Mike Holt, NEC Consultant Do you know the requirements for feeder conductor ampacity and circuit protection? Article 215 covers the installation, conductor sizing, and overcurrent protection requirements for feeder conductors not over 1000V ac or 1500V dc. Feeders are the conductors between the service disconnect, a separately derived system, or other power supply, and the final branch-circuit OCPD [100]. Conductor Sizing Feeder conductors must be sized to have an ampacity not less than the largest of the calculations in 215.2(1) or (2). (1)The ampacity must be at least 125 percent of the continuous loads, plus 100 percent of the noncontinuous loads, based on the temperature rating of equipment per 110.14(C)(1) and Table 310.16, prior to conductor ampacity correction and/or adjustment. (2) The ampacity must be at least 100 percent of the total load after conductor ampacity correction and/or adjustment per Table 310.15(B)(1)(1) and Table 310.15(C)(1). Neutral Conductor Sizing The neutral conductor must be sized to carry the maximum unbalanced load per 220.61 but must not be smaller than the equipment grounding conductor (EGC) per 250.122 [215.2(B)]. Overcurrent Protection Sizing Feeder OCPDs must have an ampere rating of not less than 125 percent of the continuous loads, plus 100 percent of the noncontinuous loads [215.3]. Avoiding Confusion Feeders have specific requirements that differ from those of branch circuits. You can think of them as being the main arteries in a city street layout, as opposed to side streets. They handle more traffic at higher speed, and thus are designed and built differently. To read the full newsletter, click the link below. 🔗mikeholt.com/newsletters.php… #NationalElectricalCode #NEC #NECRequirements #NECCode #MikeHolt #MikeHoltEnterprises #Electrician #ElectricalTrade #ElectricalContractor #JourneymanElectrician #ElectricalInspector #Electricaltraining #ElectricalEducation

Check out this NEC photo! This is designed to put a NEC rule at your fingertips each week, remind you to work safely, and to use as a quick training tool for your team in your meetings, at lunch, or in the field – we’d also love to hear from you about this feature and how you’re using it! This photo is extracted from Mike Holt’s 2023 Understanding the NEC Complete Training Library, for more information visit mikeholt.com/code or call 888.632.2633. #MikeHoltEnterprises #MikeHolt #NationalElectricalCode #ElectricalTraining #ElectricalTrade #Electrician #ElectricianLife

Check out this NEC photo! This is designed to put a NEC rule at your fingertips each week, remind you to work safely, and to use as a quick training tool for your team in your meetings, at lunch, or in the field – we’d also love to hear from you about this feature and how you’re using it! This photo is extracted from Mike Holt’s 2023 Understanding the NEC Complete Training Library, for more information visit mikeholt.com/code or call 888.632.2633. #MikeHoltEnterprises #MikeHolt #NationalElectricalCode #ElectricalTraining #ElectricalTrade #Electrician #ElectricianLife

Check out this NEC photo! This is designed to put a NEC rule at your fingertips each week, remind you to work safely, and to use as a quick training tool for your team in your meetings, at lunch, or in the field – we’d also love to hear from you about this feature and how you’re using it! This photo is extracted from Mike Holt’s 2023 Understanding the NEC Complete Training Library, for more information visit mikeholt.com/code or call 888.632.2633. #MikeHoltEnterprises #MikeHolt #NationalElectricalCode #ElectricalTraining #ElectricalTrade #Electrician #ElectricianLife

Emergency and Standby Systems, Mike Holt, NEC Consultant Do you know how emergency power systems differ from legally required and optional standby systems? Emergency systems Emergency Systems are classed as such, and thus required, by a governmental agency having jurisdiction [Article 100]. These automatically supply illumination and/or power essential for preserving human life. They may also provide power for such functions as ventilation (where essential to maintain life), fire detection and alarm systems, elevators, fire pumps, public safety announcing systems, and industrial processes (where interruption would produce life safety or health hazards). Legally required Standby systems may be legally required or optional. Legally Required Standby Systems are classified as such by a governmental agency. These automatically supply power to selected loads upon failure of the normal power source [Article 100]. They typically supply loads such as heating and refrigeration systems, ventilation and smoke removal systems, sewage disposal, lighting, and industrial processes that, if stopped, could create hazards or hamper rescue or firefighting operations. They provide electric power to aid in firefighting, rescue, and similar operations. Optional systems Optional Standby Systems supply power where life safety does not depend on the system. These provide an alternate power source for industrial and commercial buildings, farms, and residences to serve loads such as heating and refrigeration, data processing, and industrial processes that if stopped (or suddenly stopped) can cause discomfort or economic loss. To read the full newsletter, click the link below. 🔗mikeholt.com/newsletters.php… #NationalElectricalCode #NEC #NECRequirements #NECCode #MikeHolt #MikeHoltEnterprises #Electrician #ElectricalTrade #ElectricalContractor #JourneymanElectrician #ElectricalInspector #Electricaltraining #ElectricalEducation

Check out this NEC photo! This is designed to put a NEC rule at your fingertips each week, remind you to work safely, and to use as a quick training tool for your team in your meetings, at lunch, or in the field – we’d also love to hear from you about this feature and how you’re using it! This photo is extracted from Mike Holt’s 2023 Understanding the NEC Complete Training Library, for more information visit mikeholt.com/code or call 888.632.2633. #MikeHoltEnterprises #MikeHolt #NationalElectricalCode #ElectricalTraining #ElectricalTrade #Electrician #ElectricianLife

Check out this NEC photo! This is designed to put a NEC rule at your fingertips each week, remind you to work safely, and to use as a quick training tool for your team in your meetings, at lunch, or in the field – we’d also love to hear from you about this feature and how you’re using it! This photo is extracted from Mike Holt’s 2023 Understanding the NEC Complete Training Library, for more information visit mikeholt.com/code... or call 888.632.2633. #MikeHoltEnterprises #MikeHolt #NationalElectricalCode #ElectricalTraining #ElectricalTrade #Electrician #ElectricianLife

Check out this NEC photo! This is designed to put a NEC rule at your fingertips each week, remind you to work safely, and to use as a quick training tool for your team in your meetings, at lunch, or in the field – we’d also love to hear from you about this feature and how you’re using it! This photo is extracted from Mike Holt’s 2023 Understanding the NEC Complete Training Library, for more information visit mikeholt.com/code... or call 888.632.2633. #MikeHoltEnterprises #MikeHolt #NationalElectricalCode #ElectricalTraining #ElectricalTrade #Electrician #ElectricianLife

Swimming Pools and the Dangers of Electricity If you or anyone you know has a pool you might want to read and share this to better understand the issues and electrical hazards associated with swimming pool safety. Electricity and a wet body are a recipe for disaster! That’s why all swimming pools and spas are required to have GFCI protection and proper equipotential bonding. Yet there are still electrical injuries and fatalities occurring every year. These accidents happen for a variety of reasons: •Installations are not up to the current codes and standards •GFCIs are not tested periodically as required by the manufacturers •Corroded, neglected and improper bonding terminations •Electrical equipment failure •Transient, or neutral-to-earth voltage Most of these conditions can be detected by routine inspections and addressed by a qualified person such as a licensed electrical contractor. If you are the qualified individual tasked with performing a pool inspection, be sure you understand electrical fundamentals, bonding and grounding, NEC requirements related to swimming pool bonding, NEV voltage related to utility wiring, and how to determine that swimming pools are properly bonded. Always document your inspection findings in writing. If you find any unsafe conditions encourage your customer to shut down the pool, explain the hazards, and advise them what needs to be done before anyone uses the pool again. For detailed information on How to Verify the Electrical System of a Pool is Safe in Accordance with the NEC, visit MikeHolt.com/Pools. Circulate this information to your friends, family and customers - summer is almost here and thousands of people will be getting out of the heat by jumping into the pool! To read the full newsletter, click the link below. 🔗mikeholt.com/newsletters.php… #NationalElectricalCode #NEC #NECRequirements #NECCode #MikeHolt #MikeHoltEnterprises #Electrician #ElectricalTrade #ElectricalContractor #JourneymanElectrician #ElectricalInspector #Electricaltraining #ElectricalEducation