Java Interview Questions:
1. What is Java, and what are its key features?
2. What is the difference between JDK, JRE, and JVM?
3. Explain the concept of object-oriented programming (OOP) in Java.
4. What are the main principles of OOP (Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Abstraction)?
5. What is the difference between an abstract class and an interface?
6. What is method overloading vs method overriding?
7. What is the difference between == and equals() in Java?
8. What is the difference between String, StringBuilder, and StringBuffer?
9. What is garbage collection in Java, and how does it work?
10. What are Java memory areas (Heap, Stack, Method Area)?
11. What is the difference between checked and unchecked exceptions?
12. What is exception handling in Java (try, catch, finally)?
13. What are Java Collections, and what are the main interfaces?
14. What is the difference between ArrayList and LinkedList?
15. What is the difference between HashMap and HashSet?
16. What is multithreading in Java?
17. What is the difference between Thread and Runnable?
18. What is synchronization in Java?
19. What are deadlocks, and how can you prevent them?
20. What is the volatile keyword in Java?
21. What is the difference between process and thread?
22. What is Java Stream API?
23. What are lambda expressions in Java?
24. What is functional programming in Java?
25. What is JDBC, and how do you connect to a database?
26. What is Hibernate, and how does it work?
27. What is Spring Framework?
28. What is Spring Boot, and why is it used?
29. What is REST API development in Java?
30. How do you secure a Java application?
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