ALT A schematic of ecological variables and interactions as geometric objects in four vector spaces. In the upper half, resources (R) are depicted by three triangles colored orange, purple, and yellow, where supply rates (K) are going into them, and colored lines that stem from each triangle and connect to each other represent consumption and impact (C and E). To the right, the three triangles are connected by purple lines in a triangle shape, which represents resource interactions. On the lower half, species (N) are represented by a green pill shape, a pink circle, and a red circle, all of which have little flagellar tails. Red arrows point out of them, representing mortality rates (m). To the right, the three species are connected by purple lines in a triangle shape, which represents effective species interactions (A).