ALT FIGURE 1 from article | Participating cities and forest sites and summary of overall impacts, adaptive capacity, and vulnerability for selected sites in each city. The Northeast Urban Silviculture workshop focused on oak forests in cities along a north-south gradient in the eastern United States and involved scientists and land managers in a facilitated workshop with the goal of developing a replicated long-term ecological study. Impacts were defined as the direct and indirect consequences of climate change and urbanization on forests. Impacts could be beneficial or harmful to a particular forest or ecosystem type and the magnitude of those impacts depend on the sensitivity of the forest to change. Rankings were identified on a scale from “Low” to “High” (Supplementary Material). Vulnerability, which we define as a function of a forest’s potential impacts and adaptive capacity, is the susceptibility of a system to the adverse effects of urbanization and/or climate change