Yesterday the paratroopers took Carentan. On June 13, 1944, the Germans came to take it back, and the men of Easy Company found themselves minutes away from being wiped off the map.
This is the fight the survivors remembered as Bloody Gulch.
A quick recap. Carentan was the town that linked the two American invasion beaches, Utah and Omaha. Without it, the D-Day landings stayed a set of separate, vulnerable pockets. The 101st Airborne had bled to capture it on June 12. But capturing a place and holding it are two different things, and the Germans were not willing to let it go.
On the morning of June 13, the Germans counterattacked southwest of the town with a serious force, the 17th SS Panzergrenadier Division reinforced by the tough paratroopers of the 6th Parachute Regiment, supported by assault guns and armor. The exhausted, lightly armed American paratroopers, who had no tanks of their own, were holding a thin line across open hedgerow country.
The blow landed hard. The German armor and infantry pushed the American line back toward Carentan. Paratroopers fought from hedgerow to hedgerow with rifles, machine guns, and bazookas against vehicles that outgunned anything they carried. Ammunition ran low. The position grew so desperate that men were preparing for the possibility that the town would be lost again, and with it the link between the beaches.
Then came the rescue, and it came on tracks.
Unknown to the Germans, the Americans had just managed to get armor across into the beachhead. Combat Command A of the 2nd Armored Division, Shermans and mechanized infantry, had been rushed toward Carentan overnight. At the critical moment they hit the German flank with tanks and a storm of artillery and mobile gunfire.
The counterattack that had been about to break through was itself broken. The German force, lacking the strength to trade blows with American armor, was thrown back with heavy losses. Carentan stayed in American hands for good.
That was the real significance of June 13. June 12 won the town. June 13 was the day the Germans tried to erase that victory and failed. From that point on, Utah and Omaha were permanently joined, and the Normandy beachhead was one solid, continuous front that Germany could no longer split apart.
Two things stay with you about this fight.
The paratroopers were never supposed to be fighting tanks at all. Airborne troops are meant to seize objectives and be relieved within days. Instead they were holding the line against a panzer division with whatever they could carry on their backs, and they held just long enough.
And the timing of the armor's arrival was so close that veterans talked about it for the rest of their lives. A few hours later and Carentan might have fallen. The war in Normandy was decided in places like this, by men who never knew if help would arrive before they were overrun.
It did. Just barely.
That is what June 13, 1944 looked like on the ground.