Yesterday, May 8, a man asked a ~16 year old to tone down his phone conversation on a Bronx bus, and the teenager shot him to death (see images in the quoted post below).
A few months ago I was at a Christmas party and a guy I was talking to got extremely angry about people who listen to music without headphones on the subway, and he was even more angry about people who watched TikToks/Reels full blast without headphones. I think he is correct that these are terrible, anti-social behaviors that degrade the commons.
I also agree with his comparison of music and short-form videos. Playing music into the air in public places like a train/bus is no-good, anti-social, and usually sounds bad in one way or another [^1]--either people don't like your music, or your tinny phone speaker sounds terrible. In either case, people deserve a less polluted aural commons when on public transportation. TikToks/Reels are often worse, because they are not a continuous thread of sound like a song; the abrupt transitions from video to video can easy destroy someone's peace.
Now back to my angry Christmas interlocutor: part of the reason he was so angry was because he had the sense that "things were getting worse," and that New York City "didn't used to be like this." His idea that this behavior was new gave it more relative weight, and fed his anger more. I think it's true that since COVID the norms against anti-social headphonelessness have badly degraded to our widespread civic detriment. But also: we have been here before. The fact that Apple removed 3.5mm jacks from their phones and the advent of TikTok both might have something to do with why this is happening more now, but people did this as soon as they got mobile sound systems. See my highlighted excerpt below from page 10 of the first edition of Amicus, the journal from the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC). That we have been here and solved it before means we can solve it again, even if it won't be easy.
You might say "What's the big deal? Don't we have other fish to fry? So there's annoying sound on the subway, so what?" Perhaps, but I don't think this is a small thing, and I personally think it's worth addressing. It's not merely about a quality aural environment for the public, even though that's enough of a reason by itself. It's also because anti-social privatization of the public soundscape is often a threat.
@Rafa_Mangual lays it out well here:
x.com/Rafa_Mangual/status/20…
"Anti-social behavior—think about the guy blasting music from a speaker, talking loudly on speaker-phone, smoking inside the subway car, etc.—in public spaces is often engaged in ***_as a dare_***. The whole point is to provoke anger and annoyance in those around him, which serves two purposes, depending on the response he’s hoping for: (1) If everyone bites their tongues, the antisocial asshole gets to tell himself he’s such a badass no one would dare speak up; or (2) If someone confronts him, he finds his excuse to scratch a violent itch. Understand that saying something to these people will often come with a real risk of violent confrontation."
Both public transportation and public safety wonks have known this for decades; again, see my highlighted excerpt from the 1979 NRDC report: "...Smoking and radio-playing, for instance, are often done with the stance of 'I dare you to stop me.'"
And for this reason above all others--menacing the public--the problem is worth addressing. The public deserves an orderly, safe commute.
[1] There's a genuine tension here between keeping a clean aural commons, and allowing New York's culture to bloom with performers/people being themselves. Clearly, people are of different minds here, and sound policy and norms would converge on some sort of workable compromise. But I think "playing things from your phone without headphones on public transportation" or "being very loud on speakerphone" is generally a bad norm without redeeming positive externalities.