In the early Google X days of what would later become Waymo, designer YooJung Ahn asked a handful of engineers to sketch what came to mind when they imagined a self-driving car.
→ The safety engineer drew a giant mattress.
→ The LiDAR engineer drew a cone.
→ Others referenced futuristic sci-fi vehicles.
The exercise surfaced an important problem: the team had powerful pieces of autonomous-driving technology, but no shared design vision yet for what a self-driving car should actually feel like to the people around it.
So YooJung asked a more fundamental question:
Why are we building a self-driving car?
The answer became surprisingly important to the design process.
The team believed self-driving vehicles had the potential to make roads safer, help reduce crashes, and expand access to mobility.
That clarity helped shape the design work that followed.
Firefly wasn’t designed only to function technically. It was designed to feel approachable and understandable to people encountering autonomy for the first time.
The team explored hundreds of vehicle forms and rethought basic assumptions about cars:
→ What should the inside of a car look like when nobody is driving?
→ What information helps passengers feel calm?
→ Should passengers face each other or forward?
→ What physical details make a vehicle feel approachable rather than intimidating?
Even choices like windshield height, body shape, interior layout, and color were tied back to trust and human perception.
I spoke with YooJung about the behind-the-scenes design decisions that shaped early Google X prototypes, Firefly, and the work of designing autonomy for the real world.
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