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Noma is more than a disease, it is a social marker of extreme poverty and malnutrition, affecting the most vulnerable populations- Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General
Noma is an orofacial gangrene affecting malnourished children and mainly observed in tropical countries, particularly sub-Saharan Africa.although cases have also been reported in the Americas and Asia.
There are multiple risk factors associated with this disease, including poor oral hygiene, malnutrition, weakened immune systems, infections, and extreme poverty. Noma isn't contagious but tends to strike when the body's defenses are down.
Early detection is essential, as therapy is most effective at the early stages of disease when it causes severe swollen gums, known as acute necrotizing gingivitis. Treatment involves antibiotics, advice and support on practices to improve oral hygiene with disinfectant mouthwash (salt water or chlorhexidine could be used) and nutritional supplements.
The Federal Government through the Federal Ministry of Health spearheaded action to have noma included in the list of NTDs. In January 2023, an official request was submitted to WHO on behalf of 32 Member States.