These Athenian homes - built in partnership between the original single family home owner and the developer - have been a phenomenal model for social integration. Wealthier people on the upper floors (often the original homeowner), people who had just arrived from the countryside further down and students in the basement (which in most instances is designed to have a courtyard patio for access to significant light and open space).
Light filled, affordable and spacious, these apartments are everywhere and have stood the test of time. Owner occupied, they have not suffered the neglect we see in rental housing in North American cities, but are generally very well maintained.
That sort of vertical stratification inside a five-story building helped Athens to avoid horizontal stratification — there aren’t really neighborhoods that were only rich or only poor.
My best friend is a school teacher raising her family in one of these homes - and she has a very high quality of life. She would need to make 10x the income in Toronto to live the way she lives in Athens - because she has access to great housing, in a great neighbourhood, at a great price. (With great neighbours, I might add.)
Many factors need to align for this model to advance. Willing homeowners. Low interest rates. Low construction costs. Enabling policy from the municipality. There was a moment in Greece where the political will, the emphasis on unification and the social values came together to make this possible.
Aligning these critical success factors is tricky, but there is some inspiration in this model if we look for it.